Question

Напишите структурные формулы глицеридов: а)триолеина б)тристеарина Чем отличаются эти глицериды по физическим и химическим свойствам? Напишите соответствующие уравнения реакций.

Answer 1

Ответ:

отличия я написала около структурных формул

Объяснение:

Так как триолеинат непредельный жир =>у него есть пи связь за счет чего он может вступать в реакцию гидрирования(реакия маргарина) где получается уже предельный жир тристеарат

Answer 2

Structural Formulas of Triglycerides:

a) Triolein: Triolein is a triglyceride composed of three fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol molecule. The structural formula of triolein is:

CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COO-CH2CH(OH)CH2OOC(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COO-CH2CH(OH)CH2OOC(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COO-CH2CH(OH)CH2OH

b) Tristearin: Tristearin is a triglyceride composed of three stearic acid chains attached to a glycerol molecule. The structural formula of tristearin is:

CH3(CH2)16COO-CH2CH(OH)CH2OOC(CH2)16COO-CH2CH(OH)CH2OOC(CH2)16COO-CH2CH(OH)CH2OH

Differences in Physical and Chemical Properties:

Triolein and tristearin differ in their physical and chemical properties due to the different fatty acid chains they contain.

1. Physical Properties: - Melting Point: Tristearin has a higher melting point than triolein. This is because stearic acid, which is present in tristearin, has a longer carbon chain and more saturated bonds, leading to stronger intermolecular forces and a higher melting point. - Solubility: Both triolein and tristearin are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents like ethanol and ether.

2. Chemical Properties: - Hydrolysis: Both triolein and tristearin can undergo hydrolysis, which is the reaction with water to break down the triglyceride into glycerol and fatty acids. The hydrolysis reaction can be represented by the following equation:

Triglyceride + 3H2O → Glycerol + 3 Fatty Acids

For example, the hydrolysis of triolein would result in the formation of glycerol and three molecules of oleic acid:

Triolein + 3H2O → Glycerol + 3 Oleic Acid

- Saponification: Both triolein and tristearin can undergo saponification, which is the reaction with an alkali (such as sodium hydroxide) to produce soap. The saponification reaction can be represented by the following equation:

Triglyceride + 3 NaOH → Glycerol + 3 Sodium Salts of Fatty Acids (Soap)

For example, the saponification of triolein would result in the formation of glycerol and three molecules of sodium oleate:

Triolein + 3 NaOH → Glycerol + 3 Sodium Oleate

- Oxidation: Both triolein and tristearin can undergo oxidation reactions, which involve the addition of oxygen to the fatty acid chains. These reactions can lead to the formation of various oxidation products, such as fatty acid peroxides and aldehydes.

Please note that the provided structural formulas and reactions are simplified representations for the purpose of this response. The actual structures and reactions may involve more complex arrangements and mechanisms.