Question

Mg+HNO3=NH3+... Ca+HNO3=NH4NO3+.... Na+HNO3+N2 +....

Answer 1

Mg + 2 HNO3 = H2 + Mg(NO3)2

Ca + 2 HNO3 = Ca(NO3)2 + H2

2 Na + 2 HNO3 = H2 + 2 NaNO3

Answer 2

The given chemical equations are incomplete and do not provide enough information to write balanced chemical equations. However, I can provide you with some general information about the reactions involving the combination of metal and nitric acid.

When a metal reacts with nitric acid, the products formed depend on the concentration of nitric acid and the nature of the metal.

In general, when a metal reacts with dilute nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2) is evolved along with the formation of the metal nitrate and hydrogen gas (H2). The balanced equation for this reaction can be written as:

2Mg + 4HNO3 → 2Mg(NO3)2 + NO2 + 2H2O

However, when concentrated nitric acid is used, the reaction is different. The concentrated nitric acid acts as an oxidizing agent and oxidizes the metal to its highest oxidation state. The nitrogen dioxide gas is still evolved, but in addition to this, nitrogen oxide gas (NO) is also produced. The products formed are metal nitrate, nitrogen dioxide gas, and water. The balanced equation for this reaction can be written as:

4HNO3 + Mg → Mg(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O

Similarly, when calcium reacts with nitric acid, the products formed depend on the concentration of nitric acid used. If dilute nitric acid is used, calcium nitrate and hydrogen gas are formed, and the balanced equation is:

Ca + 2HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2

If concentrated nitric acid is used, calcium nitrate, nitrogen dioxide, and water are formed, and the balanced equation is:

Ca + 4HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O

As for the third equation with sodium, the products formed depend on the stoichiometric ratio of sodium and nitric acid used. If an excess amount of nitric acid is used, sodium nitrate, nitrogen dioxide, and water are formed, and the balanced equation is:

2Na + 8HNO3 → 2NaNO3 + 4NO2 + 4H2O

However, if a limited amount of nitric acid is used, sodium nitrite, nitrogen oxide, and water are formed, and the balanced equation is:

3Na + 4HNO3 → NaNO2 + 2NO + 2H2O

Note that these reactions are highly exothermic and must be carried out with caution under appropriate laboratory conditions.