Question

1. Карамбола и саподилла вместе весят 370 г, саподилла и тахион - 250 г, тахион и маракуйя - 80 г, маракуйя и рамбутан - 105 г, рамбутан и карамбола вместе весят 145 г. Что из них весит меньше всего? Выберите только один вариант ответа Рамбутан Тахион Маракуйя Саподилла Карамбола 2. У пиратов было восемь бочонков с порохом. Все пираты знали, что порох бывает либо подмоченный, либо сухой: бочонки с сухим порохом весят одинаково, бочонки с подмоченным порохом тоже весят одинаково - и, понятное дело, тяжелее бочонков с сухим порохом. Флинт знал всё это, и знал, что в первом бочонке порох сухой. А его quartermaster Сильвер знал и другое - во всех остальных бочонках подмоченный порох, негодный для пушек и мушкетов. За какое наименьшее число взвешиваний на простых весах-коромысле Сильвер убедит Флинта, что все бочонки, кроме первого, содержат подмоченный порох? Выберите один из вариантов ответа. Укажите только одну цифру. Варианты: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Answer 1

1)маракуйа..........

Answer 2

1. To determine which fruit weighs the least, we can set up a system of equations based on the given information. Let's assign variables to the weights of each fruit: - Let's call the weight of carambola (karambola) as C. - The weight of sapodilla (sapodilla) as S. - The weight of tayberry (tahion) as T. - The weight of passion fruit (maracuya) as P. - The weight of rambutan (rambutan) as R.

From the given information, we can write the following equations: - C + S = 370 (equation 1) - S + T = 250 (equation 2) - T + P = 80 (equation 3) - P + R = 105 (equation 4) - R + C = 145 (equation 5)

To find the fruit that weighs the least, we need to solve these equations. Let's solve them step by step:

From equation 1, we can express C in terms of S: C = 370 - S. Substituting this value of C in equation 5, we get: (370 - S) + R = 145. Simplifying, we get: R = 145 - 370 + S = -225 + S.

Now, let's substitute the value of R in equation 4: (-225 + S) + P = 105. Simplifying, we get: P = 105 + 225 - S = 330 - S.

Substituting the value of P in equation 3: T + (330 - S) = 80. Simplifying, we get: T = 80 - 330 + S = -250 + S.

Substituting the value of T in equation 2: S + (-250 + S) = 250. Simplifying, we get: 2S - 250 = 250. Solving for S, we get: 2S = 500, S = 250.

Now that we know the weight of sapodilla (S) is 250g, we can substitute this value in equation 1 to find the weight of carambola (C): C + 250 = 370. Solving for C, we get: C = 120.

Therefore, the fruit that weighs the least is carambola.

2. To determine the minimum number of weighings required for Flint's quartermaster Silver to convince Flint that all the barrels, except the first one, contain wet gunpowder, we need to consider the different possibilities.

Let's analyze the possible scenarios: - If Flint weighs only one barrel, he will not have enough information to determine if the gunpowder is wet or dry. - If Flint weighs two barrels, he can compare their weights. If they are equal, then both barrels contain dry gunpowder. If they are different, he can conclude that one of them contains wet gunpowder. However, he won't know which one. - If Flint weighs three barrels, he can compare the weights of any two barrels. If they are equal, then both barrels contain dry gunpowder. If they are different, he can conclude that one of them contains wet gunpowder. However, he won't know which one. - If Flint weighs four barrels, he can compare the weights of any two barrels. If they are equal, then both barrels contain dry gunpowder. If they are different, he can conclude that one of them contains wet gunpowder. However, he won't know which one.

From the above analysis, we can see that Flint needs to weigh at least 3 barrels to determine that all the barrels, except the first one, contain wet gunpowder.

Therefore, the answer is 3.