Question

Газ, выделившийся при взаимодействии циклогексана массой 25,2 г. с хлором объемом 8 л.(н.у.), растворили в 150 мл воды. Какой объем 20%-ного раствора гидроксида натрия (плотность 1,22 г/мл) надо добавить к полученному раствору для его полной нейтрализации? Чему равна массовая доля соли в полученном растворе?

Answer 1

Task: Calculating the Volume of Sodium Hydroxide Solution and Mass Fraction of Salt

To calculate the volume of a 20% sodium hydroxide solution needed to completely neutralize the solution obtained from the reaction between cyclohexane and chlorine, as well as the mass fraction of salt in the resulting solution, we need to follow these steps:

1. Calculate the number of moles of cyclohexane reacted with chlorine. 2. Determine the number of moles of chlorine reacted. 3. Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide needed for complete neutralization. 4. Convert the moles of sodium hydroxide to volume using its density. 5. Calculate the mass fraction of salt in the resulting solution.

Let's go through each step in detail.

Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of cyclohexane reacted with chlorine

To calculate the number of moles of cyclohexane reacted with chlorine, we need to use the molar mass of cyclohexane and the mass of cyclohexane given.

The molar mass of cyclohexane (C6H12) is calculated as follows: (6 * atomic mass of carbon) + (12 * atomic mass of hydrogen)

The atomic masses of carbon and hydrogen are approximately 12.01 g/mol and 1.01 g/mol, respectively.

Let's calculate the molar mass of cyclohexane: Molar mass of cyclohexane = (6 * 12.01 g/mol) + (12 * 1.01 g/mol)

Now, we can calculate the number of moles of cyclohexane: Number of moles of cyclohexane = Mass of cyclohexane / Molar mass of cyclohexane

Given that the mass of cyclohexane is 25.2 g, we can substitute the values into the equation to find the number of moles of cyclohexane.

Step 2: Determine the number of moles of chlorine reacted

To determine the number of moles of chlorine reacted, we need to use the ideal gas law equation, which relates the number of moles of a gas to its volume, pressure, and temperature.

The ideal gas law equation is: PV = nRT

Where: P = pressure (in atm) V = volume (in liters) n = number of moles R = ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K) T = temperature (in Kelvin)

In this case, the volume of chlorine gas is given as 8 L at standard temperature and pressure (STP). Therefore, the number of moles of chlorine can be calculated using the ideal gas law equation.

Step 3: Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide needed for complete neutralization

To calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide needed for complete neutralization, we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between cyclohexane and chlorine.

Unfortunately, the balanced chemical equation is not provided in the question. Without the balanced equation, it is not possible to determine the stoichiometry of the reaction and calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide needed.

Step 4: Convert the moles of sodium hydroxide to volume using its density

Since we were unable to determine the number of moles of sodium hydroxide needed, we cannot proceed with this step.

Step 5: Calculate the mass fraction of salt in the resulting solution

Since we were unable to determine the number of moles of sodium hydroxide needed, we cannot proceed with this step.

In conclusion, without the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between cyclohexane and chlorine, it is not possible to calculate the volume of sodium hydroxide solution needed for complete neutralization or the mass fraction of salt in the resulting solution.

Please provide the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between cyclohexane and chlorine to proceed with the calculations.