Question

40 БАЛЛОВ!!!!!химические свойства HNO³​

Answer 1

Ответ:

1.Очень сильная кислота. Индикаторы в её растворе изменяют цвет на красный.

Диссоциирует в водном растворе практически нацело:

HNO3 → H+ + NO3-

Изменение цветов индикаторов в кислотах

2. Реагирует с основными оксидами

K2O + 2HNO3 → 2KNO3 + H2O

K2O + 2H+ + 2NO3- → 2K+ + 2NO3- + H2O

K2O + 2H+ → 2K+ + H2O

3. Реагирует с основаниями

HNO3 + NaOH → NaNO3 + H2O

H+ + NO3- + Na+ + OH- → Na+ + NO3- + H2O

H+ + OH- → H2O

4. Реагирует с солями, вытесняет слабые кислоты из их солей

2HNO3 + Na2CO3 → 2NaNO3 + H2O + CO2­

2H+ + 2NO3- + 2Na+ + СO32- → 2Na+ + 2NO3- + H2O + CO2­

2H+ + СO32- → H2O + CO2

Answer 2

Chemical Properties of HNO₃

Nitric acid (HNO₃) is a strong acid that is commonly used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It is highly corrosive and can cause severe burns upon contact with the skin. Here are some key chemical properties of HNO₃:

1. Acidic Nature: HNO₃ is a strong acid that dissociates completely in water to produce hydrogen ions (H⁺) and nitrate ions (NO₃⁻). This makes it a highly acidic compound.

2. Oxidizing Agent: HNO₃ is a powerful oxidizing agent. It can readily donate oxygen atoms to other substances, leading to oxidation reactions. This property makes it useful in various chemical processes, such as the production of explosives and fertilizers.

3. Reactivity with Metals: HNO₃ reacts with many metals, often resulting in the formation of metal nitrates and the release of hydrogen gas. The reactivity of HNO₃ with metals depends on factors such as concentration and temperature.

4. Decomposition: At high temperatures, HNO₃ can decompose into nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), water (H₂O), and oxygen (O₂). This reaction is exothermic and can be explosive under certain conditions.

5. Hygroscopic Nature: HNO₃ is hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air. This property allows it to be used as a dehydrating agent in certain applications.

Please note that the information provided above is based on general knowledge about HNO₃. For more specific details or applications, it is recommended to consult reliable chemical references or experts in the field.