Question

Цепочки превращения: 1)СH4→CH3CL→C3H8→C3H7CL→C3H6 2)CH4→C2H2→C2H4→C2H5CL→C3H8→C3H6

Answer 1

CH₄ + Cl₂ (hv)= CH₃Cl + HCl

CH₃Cl + C₂H₅MgCl = C₃H₈ + MgCl₂

C₃H₈ + Cl₂ (hv)= C₃H₇Cl + HCl

C₃H₇Cl + KOH (C₂H₅OH)= C₃H₆ + KCl + H₂O


2CH₄ (t)= C₂H₂ + 3H₂

C₂H₂ + H₂ (t,P)= C₂H₄

C₂H₄ + HCl = C₂H₅Cl

C₂H₅Cl + CH₃MgCl = C₃H₈ + MgCl₂

C₃H₈ (Ni,t)= C₃H₆ + H₂

Answer 2

1)
 CH4+CL2-->CH3CL+HCL
CH3CL + C2H5CL+2Na-->2NaCL+C3H8
C3H8+CL2-->C3H7CL+HCL
C3H7CL-->  C3H6+HCL

2)
2CH4-->C2H2+2H2
C2H2+H2-->C2H4
C2H4+HCL-->C2H5CL
C2H5CL+CH3CL+2Na-->C3H8+2NaCL
C3H8-->C3H6+H2

Answer 3

Chain of Transformations 1: CH4 → CH3CL → C3H8 → C3H7CL → C3H6

The given chain of transformations involves the conversion of methane (CH4) into various compounds. Let's break down each step:

1. CH4 → CH3CL: - Methane (CH4) reacts with chlorine (Cl2) in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light to form chloromethane (CH3Cl).

2. CH3CL → C3H8: - Chloromethane (CH3Cl) can undergo a substitution reaction with excess hydrogen (H2) in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium (Pd), to produce propane (C3H8).

3. C3H8 → C3H7CL: - Propane (C3H8) can react with chlorine (Cl2) in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light to form 1-chloropropane (C3H7Cl).

4. C3H7CL → C3H6: - 1-Chloropropane (C3H7Cl) can undergo an elimination reaction, such as dehydrohalogenation, to form propene (C3H6).

Chain of Transformations 2: CH4 → C2H2 → C2H4 → C2H5CL → C3H8 → C3H6

The second chain of transformations involves the conversion of methane (CH4) into different compounds. Let's examine each step:

1. CH4 → C2H2: - Methane (CH4) can be converted into acetylene (C2H2) through a process called pyrolysis. This involves subjecting methane to high temperatures, typically above 900°C, in the absence of oxygen.

2. C2H2 → C2H4: - Acetylene (C2H2) can undergo a reaction known as hydrogenation, where it reacts with excess hydrogen (H2) in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium (Pd), to form ethylene (C2H4).

3. C2H4 → C2H5CL: - Ethylene (C2H4) can react with hydrogen chloride (HCl) in the presence of a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4), to produce ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl).

4. C2H5CL → C3H8: - Ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl) can undergo a substitution reaction with excess hydrogen (H2) in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium (Pd), to form propane (C3H8).

5. C3H8 → C3H6: - Propane (C3H8) can undergo an elimination reaction, such as dehydrogenation, to form propene (C3H6).

Please note that the given transformations are based on the information provided in the search snippet from Source