Question

Вычислите объем углекислого газа (при н.у) который выделиться при действи на избыток карбоната калия 195г соляной кислоты с массой долей хлорида 15%. Срочно надо!!!помогите!!

Answer 1

M раствор.в-ва (K2CO3) = 195 г* 0,15 = 29,25 г
K2CO3+2HCl = KCl+H2O+CO2
Над  K2CO3 29,25 г, под 138 г
над CO2 x л, под 22,4 л
и пропорция
29,25 г*22,4/138=4,75 г

Answer 2

Calculation of the Volume of Carbon Dioxide Gas

To calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas that will be produced when excess potassium carbonate reacts with 195g of hydrochloric acid with a mass fraction of 15% chloride, we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and the molar masses of the reactants and products.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is as follows:

K2CO3 + 2HCl → 2KCl + H2O + CO2

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of potassium carbonate reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of carbon dioxide gas.

To calculate the moles of hydrochloric acid, we need to convert the mass of hydrochloric acid to moles using its molar mass. The molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is approximately 36.46 g/mol.

Moles of HCl = Mass of HCl / Molar mass of HCl

Moles of HCl = 195 g / 36.46 g/mol = 5.34 mol

Since the mass fraction of chloride in hydrochloric acid is given as 15%, we can calculate the moles of chloride in hydrochloric acid:

Moles of chloride = Moles of HCl × Mass fraction of chloride

Moles of chloride = 5.34 mol × 0.15 = 0.801 mol

Since 2 moles of hydrochloric acid react with 1 mole of carbon dioxide gas, we can calculate the moles of carbon dioxide gas produced:

Moles of CO2 = Moles of chloride / 2

Moles of CO2 = 0.801 mol / 2 = 0.401 mol

Now, to calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), we can use the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

Where: P = Pressure (at STP, pressure is 1 atm) V = Volume n = Moles of gas R = Ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) T = Temperature (at STP, temperature is 273.15 K)

Rearranging the equation, we can solve for the volume:

V = nRT / P

Substituting the values:

V = (0.401 mol) × (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) × (273.15 K) / (1 atm)

V ≈ 8.79 L

Therefore, the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced at standard temperature and pressure (STP) when 195g of hydrochloric acid with a mass fraction of 15% chloride reacts with excess potassium carbonate is approximately 8.79 liters.

Please note that this calculation assumes the reaction goes to completion and that the volume of the gas is measured at standard temperature and pressure (STP).