Question

Необходимо разбавить 400г 95-процентной серной кислоты водой, чтобы получилась 19-процентная кислота. Сколько для этого понадобится литров воды и сколько килограммов разбавленной кислоты получится?

Answer 1

Ω₁=m вещ-ва (H2SO4) / m р-ра₁ (H2SO4)
1)0,95=  m вещ-ва (H2SO4) / 400
m вещ-ва (H2SO4)= 0.95*400=380 г
2)ω₂ =m вещ-ва (H2SO4) / m р-ра₂ (H2SO4)
0.19= 380 / m р-ра₂ (H2SO4)
m р-ра₂ (H2SO4)= 380/0.192=2000 г= 2 кг
m(H2O)= m р-ра₂ (H2SO4)- m вещ-ва (H2SO4)=2000 г- 380г= 1620 г
V(H2O)= 1620 мл=1.62 л 

Answer 2

Calculation of Water and Diluted Acid Required

To dilute 400g of 95% sulfuric acid to obtain a 19% acid solution, we need to calculate the amount of water and the resulting weight of the diluted acid.

Let's assume that x liters of water are required to dilute the acid.

The initial weight of the acid is 400g, and its concentration is 95%. The final weight of the diluted acid will be the sum of the weight of the acid and the weight of the water added.

The equation can be set up as follows:

Weight of Acid + Weight of Water = Weight of Diluted Acid

To calculate the weight of the diluted acid, we need to consider the weight of the acid and the weight of the water added.

The weight of the acid can be calculated using the formula:

Weight of Acid = Initial Weight of Acid * Initial Concentration of Acid

The weight of the water can be calculated using the formula:

Weight of Water = Volume of Water * Density of Water

The density of water is approximately 1g/mL.

The weight of the diluted acid can be calculated using the formula:

Weight of Diluted Acid = Weight of Acid + Weight of Water

To find the volume of water required, we need to rearrange the equation:

Weight of Water = Weight of Diluted Acid - Weight of Acid

Now, let's substitute the given values into the equations and calculate the volume of water and the weight of the diluted acid.

Calculation:

1. Calculate the weight of the acid: - Initial Weight of Acid = 400g - Initial Concentration of Acid = 95% - Weight of Acid = 400g * 0.95 = 380g

2. Calculate the weight of the water: - Density of Water = 1g/mL - Volume of Water = x liters - Weight of Water = x liters * 1000g/L = 1000x g

3. Calculate the weight of the diluted acid: - Weight of Diluted Acid = Weight of Acid + Weight of Water

4. Rearrange the equation to calculate the volume of water: - Weight of Water = Weight of Diluted Acid - Weight of Acid - 1000x g = Weight of Diluted Acid - 380g

5. Calculate the weight of the diluted acid: - Weight of Diluted Acid = 400g

6. Substitute the weight of the diluted acid into the equation: - 1000x g = 400g - 380g - 1000x g = 20g

7. Solve for x: - x = 20g / 1000g/L = 0.02 L = 20 mL

Answer:

To dilute 400g of 95% sulfuric acid to obtain a 19% acid solution, you will need approximately 20 milliliters (mL) of water. The resulting weight of the diluted acid will be 400g.