Question

Какие вещества гомологи , какие изомеры? дать название веществам:а) СН3 - СН = СН - СН3б) СН2 = С - СН3| СН3в) СН тройное соединение СНг) СН2 - СН| | СН2 СН2д) НС тройное соединение С - СН2 - СН3е) СН3 - СН2 - СН3Ж) СН2 = СН - СН2 - СН3з) СНЗ - СН2 - С= СН2| СН3.

Answer 1

А) бутен-2
Б) 2-метилпропен-1
В) этин или ацетилен
Г) бутан (если одинарная связь в формуле)
Д) бутин-1
Е) пропан
Ж) бутен-1
З) 2-метилбутен-1  
Гомологи: б и з;  в и д; г и е
Изомеры:а,б,ж 

Answer 2

Homologues and Isomers

Homologues are a group of organic compounds that have the same functional group and similar chemical properties but differ in the number of carbon atoms in their molecular structure. Isomers, on the other hand, are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.

Let's identify the substances and provide their names:

a) CH3-CH=CH-CH3: This is an example of a homologue. It is a member of the alkene family and is called but-2-ene.

b) CH2=CH-CH3 | CH3: This is an example of an isomer. It is a member of the alkene family and is called prop-1-ene or propene.

c) CH triple bond CH: This is an example of a homologue. It is a member of the alkyne family and is called ethyne or acetylene.

d) CH2-CH | | CH2-CH2: This is an example of an isomer. It is a member of the alkene family and is called but-1-ene or 1-butene.

e) CH triple bond CH2-CH3: This is an example of a homologue. It is a member of the alkyne family and is called propyne.

f) CH3-CH2-CH3: This is an example of a homologue. It is a member of the alkane family and is called propane.

g) CH2=CH-CH2-CH3: This is an example of an isomer. It is a member of the alkene family and is called but-2-ene or 2-butene.

h) CH3-CH2-CH2-C triple bond CH2 | CH3: This is an example of an isomer. It is a member of the alkyne family and is called pent-1-yne or 1-pentyne.

i) CH3-CH2-CH2-C triple bond CH2-CH3: This is an example of a homologue. It is a member of the alkyne family and is called pent-2-yne or 2-pentyne.

Please note that the names provided are based on the given molecular structures and may vary depending on the specific nomenclature system used.