Question

Доберіть коефіцієнти в рівнянні хімічної реакції методом електронного балансу: _H2SO4+_C--(стрілка)(стрілка)_H2O + _SO2+ _CO2

Answer 1

2H2SO4+C-->2H2O+2SO2+CO2

 

0  -4e     +4

C--------> C

 

+6 +2e  +4

S--------> S

Answer 2

Balancing the Chemical Equation using the Electron Balance Method

To balance the chemical equation using the electron balance method, we need to ensure that the number of electrons gained in the reduction half-reaction is equal to the number of electrons lost in the oxidation half-reaction. Let's balance the given equation:

H2SO4 + C → H2O + SO2 + CO2

To balance this equation, we will follow these steps:

Step 1: Identify the oxidation states of each element in the equation.

In H2SO4, the oxidation state of hydrogen (H) is +1, sulfur (S) is +6, and oxygen (O) is -2. In C, the oxidation state of carbon (C) is 0. In H2O, the oxidation state of hydrogen (H) is +1, and oxygen (O) is -2. In SO2, the oxidation state of sulfur (S) is +4, and oxygen (O) is -2. In CO2, the oxidation state of carbon (C) is +4, and oxygen (O) is -2.

Step 2: Write the half-reactions for oxidation and reduction.

Oxidation half-reaction: C → CO2 Reduction half-reaction: H2SO4 → H2O + SO2

Step 3: Balance the atoms in each half-reaction.

In the oxidation half-reaction, there is one carbon (C) atom on the left side and one carbon (C) atom on the right side. The atoms are already balanced.

In the reduction half-reaction, there are two hydrogen (H) atoms on the left side and two hydrogen (H) atoms on the right side. The atoms are already balanced.

There is one sulfur (S) atom on the left side and one sulfur (S) atom on the right side. The atoms are already balanced.

There four oxygen (O) atoms on the left side and three oxygen (O) atoms on the right side. To balance the oxygen atoms, we need to add one more water (H2O) molecule to the right side.

The balanced reduction half-reaction becomes: H2SO4 → H2O + SO2

Step 4: Balance the charges in each half-reaction.

In the oxidation half-reaction, the charge is 0 on both sides. The charges are already balanced.

In the reduction half-reaction, the charge is +6 on the left side (from H2SO4) and 0 on the right side (from H2O and SO2). To balance the charges, we need to add six electrons (e-) to the left side.

The balanced reduction half-reaction becomes: H2SO4 + 6e- → H2O + SO2

Step 5: Multiply the half-reactions by appropriate coefficients to equalize the number of electrons.

To equalize the number of electrons, we need to multiply the oxidation half-reaction by 6 and the reduction half-reaction by 1.

The balanced equation becomes: 6C + H2SO4 → 6CO2 + H2O + SO2

Therefore, the coefficients in the balanced equation are: - 6 for C - 1 for H2SO4 - 6 for CO2 - 1 for H2O - 1 for SO2

Please note that the coefficients in a balanced equation represent the relative number of molecules or moles of each substance involved in the reaction.