Question

Как распознать вещества,находящиеся в двух склянках без этикеток,если в них налиты растворы :сульфата аммония и карбоната натрия?Помогите пожалуйста,срочно!)

Answer 1

1. определение сульфата аммония - добавить раствор хлорида бария (выпадет белый осадок сульфата бария) или раствор  гидроксида натрия (выделится аммиак):
(NH4)2SO4 + BaCl2 = 2NH4Cl + BaSO4 (осадок)
(NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + 2NH3 (газ) + 2H2O

2. определение карбоната натрия - добавить раствор соляной кислоты, произойдёт выделение углекислого газа:

Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + CO2 (газ) + H2O

Answer 2

Identifying Unknown Substances in Unlabeled Containers

If you need to identify substances in two unlabeled containers, one containing ammonium sulfate solution and the other containing sodium carbonate solution, there are a few methods you can use to distinguish between the two solutions.

1. pH Testing: - Ammonium sulfate solution is acidic, while sodium carbonate solution is basic. You can use pH paper or a pH meter to test the pH of each solution and determine their acidity or basicity.

2. Precipitation Reactions: - You can perform a precipitation reaction to identify the substances. When you mix ammonium sulfate solution with barium chloride solution, it will produce a white precipitate of barium sulfate. On the other hand, when you mix sodium carbonate solution with calcium chloride solution, it will produce a white precipitate of calcium carbonate.

3. Flame Test: - Another method is to perform a flame test. When ammonium compounds are heated in a flame, they produce ammonia gas, which has a characteristic odor. Sodium compounds, on the other hand, produce a bright yellow flame when heated.

4. Solubility Test: - You can also perform a solubility test. Ammonium sulfate is highly soluble in water, while sodium carbonate is also soluble but to a lesser extent.

By using these methods, you can differentiate between the two solutions and identify the substances in the unlabeled containers.