Question

В расстворе изменяют окраску лакмуса в крассный цвет все вещества группы Ca(OH)2, KOH,Ba(OH)2 H2O,NaCL,K2SO4 HCL,H2SO4,HNO3 HCL,Ca(OH)2,NaCL

Answer 1

В расстворе изменяют окраску лакмуса в крассный цвет в кислотной среде 

HCL,H2SO4,HNO3,

Answer 2

Effect of Substances on the Color of Litmus Paper

When certain substances are dissolved in water, they can change the color of litmus paper. Litmus paper is a pH indicator that changes color in the presence of acidic or basic substances. It turns red in the presence of acids and blue in the presence of bases.

Based on the provided list of substances, let's examine how each one affects the color of litmus paper:

1. Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide): Calcium hydroxide is a strong base. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into calcium ions (Ca2+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). The hydroxide ions make the solution basic, causing litmus paper to turn blue.

2. KOH (potassium hydroxide): Potassium hydroxide is also a strong base. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into potassium ions (K+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). The presence of hydroxide ions makes the solution basic, resulting in a blue color change in litmus paper.

3. Ba(OH)2 (barium hydroxide): Barium hydroxide is a strong base. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into barium ions (Ba2+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). The hydroxide ions make the solution basic, causing litmus paper to turn blue.

4. H2O (water): Pure water is neutral and does not affect the color of litmus paper. It does not have a significant concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-) to cause a color change.

5. NaCl (sodium chloride): Sodium chloride is a salt and does not significantly affect the color of litmus paper. It does not dissociate into hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-) in water, so it does not cause a color change.

6. K2SO4 (potassium sulfate): Potassium sulfate is a salt and does not significantly affect the color of litmus paper. It does not dissociate into hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-) in water, so it does not cause a color change.

7. HCl (hydrochloric acid): Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-). The presence of hydrogen ions makes the solution acidic, causing litmus paper to turn red.

8. H2SO4 (sulfuric acid): Sulfuric acid is a strong acid. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-). The presence of hydrogen ions makes the solution acidic, resulting in a red color change in litmus paper.

9. HNO3 (nitric acid): Nitric acid is a strong acid. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and nitrate ions (NO3-). The presence of hydrogen ions makes the solution acidic, causing litmus paper to turn red.

10. HCl (hydrochloric acid): Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-). The presence of hydrogen ions makes the solution acidic, causing litmus paper to turn red.

11. Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide): Calcium hydroxide is a strong base. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into calcium ions (Ca2+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). The hydroxide ions make the solution basic, causing litmus paper to turn blue.

12. NaCl (sodium chloride): Sodium chloride is a salt and does not significantly affect the color of litmus paper. It does not dissociate into hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-) in water, so it does not cause a color change.

Please note that litmus paper is just one type of pH indicator, and there are other indicators available that can provide different color changes in the presence of acidic or basic substances.

I hope this explanation helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.