Question

При прокаливании минерал мирабилит теряет воду, что составляет 55,9% веса образца. Сухой остаток минерала состоит из 32,4% натрия, 22,5%серы и 45,1% кислорода. Определить формулу минерала.

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Formula of the Mineral Mirabilite

To determine the formula of the mineral mirabilite, we can analyze the composition of its dry residue. According to the given information, the dry residue of the mineral consists of 32.4% sodium (Na), 22.5% sulfur (S), and 45.1% oxygen (O).

To find the formula, we need to determine the ratio of the elements present in the mineral. We can assume that the ratio is based on the lowest whole numbers.

Let's calculate the ratio of sodium to sulfur to oxygen:

- Sodium (Na): 32.4% - Sulfur (S): 22.5% - Oxygen (O): 45.1%

To simplify the calculation, we can divide each percentage by the atomic mass of the respective element:

- Sodium (Na): 32.4% / 22.99 g/mol = 1.41 - Sulfur (S): 22.5% / 32.07 g/mol = 0.70 - Oxygen (O): 45.1% / 16.00 g/mol = 2.82

Now, let's divide each value by the smallest value (0.70) to get the simplest ratio:

- Sodium (Na): 1.41 / 0.70 = 2 - Sulfur (S): 0.70 / 0.70 = 1 - Oxygen (O): 2.82 / 0.70 = 4

Therefore, the simplest ratio of sodium to sulfur to oxygen in mirabilite is 2:1:4.

Based on this ratio, we can determine the formula of mirabilite. The chemical symbol for sodium is Na, sulfur is S, and oxygen is O. Therefore, the formula of mirabilite is Na2SO4.

Please note that the calculation assumes the given percentages are accurate and that the composition of the mineral is consistent throughout.