Question

Посчитайте разность электроотрицательностей у следующих веществ. Какой тип химической связи в них ? 1) MgCl 2) HF 3) CO2

Answer 1

1)Ионная 2)кавалентная полярная 3)кавалентная полярная

Answer 2

Calculation of Electronegativity Differences and Types of Chemical Bonds

To calculate the electronegativity differences and determine the type of chemical bond in the given substances, we need to know the electronegativity values of the elements involved. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond.

1) MgCl: Magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) are the elements involved. The electronegativity of magnesium is 1.31, and the electronegativity of chlorine is 3.16 To calculate the electronegativity difference, we subtract the electronegativity of magnesium from the electronegativity of chlorine: 3.16 - 1.31 = 1.85.

The electronegativity difference between magnesium and chlorine is 1.85. Based on this value, we can classify the type of chemical bond as ionic. In an ionic bond, there is a transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of charged ions.

2) HF: Hydrogen (H) and fluorine (F) are the elements involved. The electronegativity of hydrogen is 2.20, and the electronegativity of fluorine is 3.98 To calculate the electronegativity difference, we subtract the electronegativity of hydrogen from the electronegativity of fluorine: 3.98 - 2.20 = 1.78.

The electronegativity difference between hydrogen and fluorine is 1.78. Based on this value, we can classify the type of chemical bond as polar covalent. In a polar covalent bond, there is a partial transfer of electrons between atoms, resulting in a slight charge separation.

3) CO2: Carbon (C) and oxygen (O) are the elements involved. The electronegativity of carbon is 2.55, and the electronegativity of oxygen is 3.44 To calculate the electronegativity difference, we subtract the electronegativity of carbon from the electronegativity of oxygen: 3.44 - 2.55 = 0.89.

The electronegativity difference between carbon and oxygen is 0.89. Based on this value, we can classify the type of chemical bond as nonpolar covalent. In a nonpolar covalent bond, there is an equal sharing of electrons between atoms, resulting in no charge separation.

In summary, the types of chemical bonds in the given substances are as follows: 1) MgCl: Ionic bond 2) HF: Polar covalent bond 3) CO2: Nonpolar covalent bond

Please note that the electronegativity values used in this calculation are approximate and may vary slightly depending on the source.