Вычислите объём хлора (н.у),который потребуется для вытеснения всего иода из 300 г 15%-го раствора
иода калия.Вычислите кол-во вещества новой соли,которое при этом образуется.Ответы на вопрос
Calculating the Volume of Chlorine Needed
To calculate the volume of chlorine needed to displace all the iodine from the 300g 15% potassium iodide solution, we can use the following chemical equation:
2KI + Cl2 → 2KCl + I2
From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of chlorine displaces 1 mole of iodine.
First, we need to calculate the moles of iodine in the 300g 15% potassium iodide solution.
Step 1: Calculate the moles of iodine in the solution The molar mass of KI (potassium iodide) is 166 g/mol. Using this information, we can calculate the moles of iodine in the solution.
Moles of KI = (mass of KI) / (molar mass of KI) Moles of I2 = 0.15 * Moles of KI (from the 15% solution)
Now, we can calculate the moles of iodine in the solution.
Step 2: Calculate the volume of chlorine needed Since 1 mole of chlorine displaces 1 mole of iodine, the moles of iodine in the solution will be equal to the moles of chlorine needed.
Volume of chlorine = Moles of I2 * 22.4 L/mol (at standard temperature and pressure)
Let's calculate the moles of iodine and then the volume of chlorine needed.
Calculations
Molar mass of KI (potassium iodide) = 166 g/mol Moles of KI = 300g / 166 g/mol = 1.807 moles Moles of I2 = 0.15 * 1.807 = 0.271 molesVolume of chlorine = 0.271 moles * 22.4 L/mol = 6.08 L
Therefore, the volume of chlorine needed to displace all the iodine from the 300g 15% potassium iodide solution is 6.08 liters.
Amount of New Salt Formed
According to the chemical equation, 2 moles of KI react with 1 mole of Cl2 to form 2 moles of KCl and 1 mole of I2.
So, for every mole of chlorine used, 2 moles of KCl are formed.
The moles of KCl formed will be equal to the moles of chlorine used.
Moles of KCl formed = Moles of Cl2 = 0.271 moles
Therefore, the amount of new salt formed is 0.271 moles.
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