Question

Cu + HNO3 ( конц. ) ---> CuNO3 + H2O + NO2 Правильно ли решено уравнение? Определить степень окисления и уравнять.

Answer 1

Cu^0 + HN^(+5)O3 ( конц. ) ---> Cu^(+2)(NO3)2 + H2O + N(+4)O2 
1  /  Cu^0 -2e --> Cu(+2)  /  процесс окисления, восстановитель
2  /  N^(+5)  +e --> N^(+4)  /  процесс восствновления, окислитель
Cu + 4HNO3 ( конц. ) ---> Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O + 2NO2 

Answer 2

Balancing the Chemical Equation and Determining Oxidation States

To balance the chemical equation and determine the oxidation states, let's start by examining the given unbalanced equation:

Cu + HNO3 (conc.) → Cu(NO3)2 + H2O + NO2

First, let's determine the oxidation states of the elements involved in the reaction.

Determining Oxidation States

- The oxidation state of copper (Cu) in Cu(NO3)2 can be calculated as follows: - The total charge of the nitrate ion (NO3-) is -1. - Since there are two nitrate ions, the total charge is -2. - The overall charge of the Cu(NO3)2 compound is 0, so the oxidation state of copper (Cu) can be calculated using the equation: 2x - 2 = 0, where x is the oxidation state of copper. - Solving for x, we find that the oxidation state of copper in Cu(NO3)2 is +2.

- The oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in HNO3 can be calculated as follows: - The oxidation state of oxygen is typically -2, and since there are three oxygen atoms in the nitrate ion (NO3-), the total oxidation state contributed by oxygen is -6. - The overall charge of the nitrate ion is -1, so the oxidation state of nitrogen (N) can be calculated using the equation: x - 6 = -1, where x is the oxidation state of nitrogen. - Solving for x, we find that the oxidation state of nitrogen in HNO3 is +5.

Balancing the Chemical Equation

Now, let's balance the chemical equation using the oxidation states we've determined:

Cu + 4HNO3 (conc.) → Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O + 2NO2

By balancing the equation in this way, we ensure that the total charge and the number of atoms of each element are conserved on both sides of the equation.

Therefore, the balanced chemical equation is: Cu + 4HNO3 (conc.) → Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O + 2NO2

This balanced equation also reflects the conservation of mass and charge in the chemical reaction.

If you have any further questions or need additional assistance, feel free to ask!