Question

Определите массу соляной кислоты с массовой долей хлороводорода 0,2 которую можно получить из 336 л водорода и 336 л хлора.

Answer 1

Решение здесь
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Answer 2

Calculating the Mass of Hydrochloric Acid

To determine the mass of hydrochloric acid that can be obtained from 336 L of hydrogen and 336 L of chlorine, we can use the balanced chemical equation for the formation of hydrochloric acid:

H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of hydrogen reacts with 1 mole of chlorine to produce 2 moles of hydrochloric acid.

Step 1: Convert Volume to Moles

First, we need to convert the given volumes of hydrogen and chlorine to moles using the ideal gas law:

n = PV / RT

Where: - n = moles of gas - P = pressure (assuming standard pressure) - V = volume of gas - R = ideal gas constant - T = temperature (assuming standard temperature)

Step 2: Determine Limiting Reactant

After converting the volumes to moles, we can determine the limiting reactant by comparing the moles of hydrogen and chlorine.

Step 3: Calculate the Mass of Hydrochloric Acid

Once we know the limiting reactant, we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation to calculate the moles of hydrochloric acid produced and then convert the moles to mass.

Let's proceed with the calculations.

Step 1: Convert Volume to Moles

Using the ideal gas law, we can convert the volumes of hydrogen and chlorine to moles.

For hydrogen: - Volume of hydrogen (V) = 336 L - Pressure (P) and temperature (T) are assumed to be at standard conditions - Ideal gas constant (R) = 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol)

n(H2) = PV / RT

For chlorine: - Volume of chlorine (V) = 336 L - Pressure (P) and temperature (T) are assumed to be at standard conditions - Ideal gas constant (R) = 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol)

n(Cl2) = PV / RT

Step 2: Determine Limiting Reactant

After calculating the moles of hydrogen and chlorine, we can compare the moles to determine the limiting reactant.

Step 3: Calculate the Mass of Hydrochloric Acid

Once we know the limiting reactant, we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation to calculate the moles of hydrochloric acid produced and then convert the moles to mass.

Let's proceed with the calculations.

Answer 3

Calculating the Mass of Hydrochloric Acid

To determine the mass of hydrochloric acid that can be obtained from 336 L of hydrogen and 336 L of chlorine, we can use the molar volume of gases at standard temperature and pressure (STP) to find the number of moles of each gas. Then, we can use the balanced chemical equation for the formation of hydrochloric acid to calculate the mass.

1. Calculate the moles of hydrogen and chlorine: - The molar volume of a gas at STP is 22.4 L/mol. - Moles of hydrogen = Volume of hydrogen / Molar volume at STP - Moles of chlorine = Volume of chlorine / Molar volume at STP

2. Determine the limiting reactant: - Use the balanced chemical equation for the formation of hydrochloric acid to identify the limiting reactant.

3. Calculate the moles of hydrochloric acid produced: - Use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation to find the moles of hydrochloric acid produced.

4. Convert moles to mass: - Use the molar mass of hydrochloric acid to convert moles to mass.

Calculation Steps

1. Calculate the moles of hydrogen and chlorine: - Moles of hydrogen = 336 L / 22.4 L/mol = 15 moles. - Moles of chlorine = 336 L / 22.4 L/mol = 15 moles.

2. Determine the limiting reactant: - The balanced chemical equation for the formation of hydrochloric acid is: `H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl` - Since the moles of hydrogen and chlorine are equal, both are in excess, and the limiting reactant will be determined by the stoichiometry of the reaction.

3. Calculate the moles of hydrochloric acid produced: - From the balanced chemical equation, 1 mole of hydrogen reacts with 1 mole of chlorine to produce 2 moles of hydrochloric acid. - Moles of hydrochloric acid produced = 15 moles (of either hydrogen or chlorine) * 2 = 30 moles.

4. Convert moles to mass: - The molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is approximately 36.46 g/mol. - Mass of hydrochloric acid = Moles of hydrochloric acid * Molar mass - Mass of hydrochloric acid = 30 moles * 36.46 g/mol = 1093.8 g.

Answer

The mass of hydrochloric acid with a mass fraction of hydrogen chloride of 0.2 that can be obtained from 336 L of hydrogen and 336 L of chlorine is approximately 1093.8 grams.