Question

Степень окисления в SiCI4,MgI2,SF6,NaBr,HCI, H2,O,NH3

Answer 1

SiCl₄  (+4;-1)

MgI₂  (+2;-1)

SF₆  (+6;-1)

NaBr (+1;-1)

HCl (+1;-1)

H₂O (+1;-2)

NH₃ (-3;+1)

Answer 2

SiCI4 Si(+4)CI4(-1)
MgI2 Mg(+2)I2(-1)
SF6 S(+6)F6(-1)
NaBr Na(+1)Br(-1)
HCI H(+1)CI(-1)
H2OH2(+1)O(-2)
NH3 N(-3)H3(+1)

Answer 3

Oxidation States in SiCl4, MgI2, SF6, NaBr, HCl, H2, O, NH3

The oxidation state, also known as the oxidation number, is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom in a chemical compound. It represents the number of electrons that an atom has gained or lost in order to form the compound.

Let's determine the oxidation states for each of the compounds you mentioned:

1. SiCl4 (Silicon Tetrachloride): - Silicon (Si) is a group 14 element, which means it has 4 valence electrons. - Chlorine (Cl) is a group 17 element, which means it has 7 valence electrons. - In SiCl4, each chlorine atom gains one electron from silicon to complete its octet. - Therefore, the oxidation state of silicon in SiCl4 is +4, and the oxidation state of each chlorine atom is -1.

2. MgI2 (Magnesium Iodide): - Magnesium (Mg) is a group 2 element, which means it has 2 valence electrons. - Iodine (I) is a group 17 element, which means it has 7 valence electrons. - In MgI2, each iodine atom gains one electron from magnesium to complete its octet. - Therefore, the oxidation state of magnesium in MgI2 is +2, and the oxidation state of each iodine atom is -1.

3. SF6 (Sulfur Hexafluoride): - Sulfur (S) is a group 16 element, which means it has 6 valence electrons. - Fluorine (F) is a group 17 element, which means it has 7 valence electrons. - In SF6, each fluorine atom gains one electron from sulfur to complete its octet. - Therefore, the oxidation state of sulfur in SF6 is +6, and the oxidation state of each fluorine atom is -1.

4. NaBr (Sodium Bromide): - Sodium (Na) is a group 1 element, which means it has 1 valence electron. - Bromine (Br) is a group 17 element, which means it has 7 valence electrons. - In NaBr, sodium loses one electron to bromine to achieve a stable electron configuration. - Therefore, the oxidation state of sodium in NaBr is +1, and the oxidation state of bromine is -1.

5. HCl (Hydrochloric Acid): - Hydrogen (H) is a group 1 element, which means it has 1 valence electron. - Chlorine (Cl) is a group 17 element, which means it has 7 valence electrons. - In HCl, hydrogen loses one electron to chlorine to achieve a stable electron configuration. - Therefore, the oxidation state of hydrogen in HCl is +1, and the oxidation state of chlorine is -1.

6. H2 (Hydrogen Gas): - Hydrogen (H) is a group 1 element, which means it has 1 valence electron. - In H2, both hydrogen atoms share their electrons equally, resulting in no electron transfer. - Therefore, the oxidation state of each hydrogen atom in H2 is 0.

7. O (Oxygen Gas): - Oxygen (O) is a group 16 element, which means it has 6 valence electrons. - In O2, both oxygen atoms share their electrons equally, resulting in no electron transfer. - Therefore, the oxidation state of each oxygen atom in O2 is 0.

8. NH3 (Ammonia): - Nitrogen (N) is a group 15 element, which means it has 5 valence electrons. - Hydrogen (H) is a group 1 element, which means it has 1 valence electron. - In NH3, each hydrogen atom shares its electron with nitrogen, and nitrogen shares its electrons with three hydrogen atoms. - Therefore, the oxidation state of nitrogen in NH3 is -3, and the oxidation state of each hydrogen atom is +1.

Please note that the oxidation states mentioned above are based on the general rules and assumptions. In some cases, the oxidation states may vary depending on the specific chemical environment or bonding situation.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.