Question

1. Осуществить цепочку превращений: Al --> Al2O3-->Al --> AlCl3 --> Al(OH)3 --> NaAlO2 1 уравнение разобрать как окислительно-восстановительный процесс, составить электронный баланс. 3 уравнение рассмотреть с точки зрения электролитической диссоциации.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Al(OH)3 + 3HCl = AlCl3 + 3H2O

Al2O3 + 2NaOH = 2NaAlO2 + H2O

Al(OH)3 + NaOH = NaAlO2 + 2H2O

Answer 2

Цепочка превращений:

1. Al -> Al2O3 2. Al2O3 -> Al 3. Al -> AlCl3 4. AlCl3 -> Al(OH)3 5. Al(OH)3 -> NaAlO2

Электронный баланс:

1. Al -> Al2O3 - The transformation of aluminum into aluminum oxide involves the loss of electrons by aluminum and the gain of electrons by oxygen. - The balanced equation for this transformation is: ``` 4Al + 3O2 -> 2Al2O3 ``` - The electron balance can be represented as: - Aluminum loses 12 electrons (4 atoms x 3 electrons/atom). - Oxygen gains 12 electrons (3 molecules x 4 electrons/molecule).

2. Al -> AlCl3 - The transformation of aluminum into aluminum chloride involves the loss of electrons by aluminum and the gain of electrons by chlorine. - The balanced equation for this transformation is: ``` 2Al + 3Cl2 -> 2AlCl3 ``` - The electron balance can be represented as: - Aluminum loses 6 electrons (2 atoms x 3 electrons/atom). - Chlorine gains 6 electrons (3 molecules x 2 electrons/molecule).

3. AlCl3 -> Al(OH)3 - The transformation of aluminum chloride into aluminum hydroxide involves the loss of electrons by aluminum and the gain of electrons by hydroxide ions. - The balanced equation for this transformation is: ``` AlCl3 + 3H2O -> Al(OH)3 + 3HCl ``` - The electron balance can be represented as: - Aluminum loses 3 electrons. - Hydroxide ions gain 3 electrons.

Электролитическая диссоциация:

The process of electrolytic dissociation involves the breakdown of compounds into ions when dissolved in a solvent, typically water.

1. AlCl3 -> Al3+ + 3Cl- - When aluminum chloride dissociates in water, it forms aluminum ions (Al3+) and chloride ions (Cl-).

2. Al(OH)3 -> Al3+ + 3OH- - When aluminum hydroxide dissociates in water, it forms aluminum ions (Al3+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).

3. NaAlO2 -> Na+ + AlO2- - When sodium aluminate dissociates in water, it forms sodium ions (Na+) and aluminate ions (AlO2-).

These dissociations involve the separation of compounds into their constituent ions, allowing for various chemical reactions and processes to occur.