Question

Электроотрицательность. Ковалентная связь. Урок 1 Вставь подходящие по смыслу слова. Наиболее сильными металлическими свойствами обладают те элементы, атомы которых относительно легко электроны. Неметаллические свойства особенно выражены у тех элементов, атомы которых энергично электроны.

Answer 1

Ответ:

1)Отдают

2)Присоединяют

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. It is a fundamental concept in chemistry that helps explain the nature of chemical bonding and the behavior of different elements.

Covalent Bonding

Covalent bonding is a type of chemical bonding where atoms share electrons to form a stable molecule. In a covalent bond, two or more atoms share electrons in their outermost energy levels to achieve a more stable electron configuration. This type of bonding is commonly observed in nonmetals and some metalloids.

Electronegativity and Covalent Bonding

The electronegativity of an atom plays a crucial role in determining the type of bond that will form between two atoms. When two atoms with similar electronegativities bond together, they form a nonpolar covalent bond, where the shared electrons are equally distributed between the atoms.

On the other hand, when two atoms with different electronegativities bond, they form a polar covalent bond. In a polar covalent bond, the shared electrons are not equally distributed, and there is an uneven distribution of electron density between the atoms. The atom with higher electronegativity attracts the shared electrons more strongly, resulting in a partial negative charge on that atom and a partial positive charge on the other atom.

Relationship between Electronegativity and Metallic/Nonmetallic Properties

The statement "The elements that have atoms that can easily attract electrons possess the strongest metallic properties" is not accurate. In fact, the opposite is true. The elements that have atoms with low electronegativity values tend to exhibit strong metallic properties.

Metals generally have low electronegativity values because they have a tendency to lose electrons and form positive ions. This is due to the fact that metals have relatively large atomic radii and low effective nuclear charges, which make it easier for them to lose electrons and form cations. The ability to lose electrons easily is what gives metals their characteristic metallic properties, such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, malleability, and ductility.

On the other hand, nonmetals tend to have high electronegativity values because they have a strong attraction for electrons. Nonmetals have smaller atomic radii and higher effective nuclear charges, which make it more difficult for them to lose electrons and form positive ions. Instead, nonmetals tend to gain electrons or share electrons with other atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration. This is why nonmetals generally exhibit nonmetallic properties, such as being poor conductors of electricity and heat, brittle, and having lower melting and boiling points compared to metals.

In summary, the elements that possess strong metallic properties are those with low electronegativity values, while the elements that exhibit strong nonmetallic properties are those with high electronegativity values.

[[1]]