Question

Уравняйте уравнения следующих химических реакций по степени окисления-восстановления. Какое вещество является окислителем, а какое - восстановителем? 1) P + KCIO3 - P205 +KCI 2) P + HNO3(КОНЦ.) - H3PO4+NO2+H2O 3) P + H2S04(КОНЦ.) - H3PO4 + SO2+H20

Answer 1

1. 5KClO3 + 6P → 5KCl + 3P2O5

P является восстановителем, KClO3 является окислителем.

2. P + 5 HNO3 → H3PO4 + 5 NO2+ H2O

P является восстановителем, HNO3 является окислителем.

3. 5 H2SO4 + 2 P→ 2 H3PO4 + 5 SO2 + 2 H2O

P является восстановителем, H2SO4 является окислителем.

Answer 2

Balancing Chemical Equations and Identifying Redox Reactions

To balance the chemical equations and identify the oxidizing and reducing agents, we need to determine the changes in oxidation states of the elements involved in the reactions. Here are the balanced equations and the identification of the oxidizing and reducing agents for the given reactions:

1) P + KCIO3 → P205 + KCI

To balance this equation, we need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. The balanced equation is:

2P + 5KCIO3 → P205 + 5KCI

In this reaction, the oxidation state of phosphorus changes from 0 to +5, while the oxidation state of chlorine changes from +5 to -1. Therefore, P is the reducing agent (undergoes oxidation) and KCIO3 is the oxidizing agent (undergoes reduction) [[1]].

2) P + HNO3 (conc.) → H3PO4 + NO2 + H2O

To balance this equation, we need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. The balanced equation is:

4P + 10HNO3 → 4H3PO4 + 2NO2 + 5H2O

In this reaction