Question

При сжигании 29 г углеводорода образовалось 44,8 л углекислого газа и 45 г воды. Относительная плотность этого вещества по кислороду равна 1,8125. Найти молекулярную формулу углеводорода. Решать в виде Дано: Решение, при нужде СИ

Answer 1

Объяснение:

ну как-то так, что не понятно спрашивай

Answer 2

Given Information:

- Mass of hydrocarbon burned: 29 g - Volume of carbon dioxide produced: 44.8 L - Mass of water produced: 45 g - Relative density of the substance with respect to oxygen: 1.8125

Solution:

To find the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon, we need to determine the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the molecule.

1. Calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced: - The molar volume of any gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is 22.4 L. - Therefore, the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced can be calculated as follows: ``` Moles of carbon dioxide = Volume of carbon dioxide / Molar volume at STP = 44.8 L / 22.4 L/mol = 2 mol ```

2. Calculate the number of moles of water produced: - The molar mass of water (H₂O) is 18 g/mol. - Therefore, the number of moles of water produced can be calculated as follows: ``` Moles of water = Mass of water / Molar mass of water = 45 g / 18 g/mol = 2.5 mol ```

3. Calculate the number of moles of carbon and hydrogen in the hydrocarbon: - Since the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced is equal to the number of moles of carbon in the hydrocarbon, we have 2 moles of carbon. - The remaining moles (0.5 mol) must be due to hydrogen, as there are no other elements mentioned.

4. Determine the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon: - The empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. - The empirical formula can be determined by dividing the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles. - In this case, the empirical formula is CH₄.

5. Calculate the molar mass of the empirical formula: - The molar mass of carbon is 12 g/mol, and the molar mass of hydrogen is 1 g/mol. - Therefore, the molar mass of the empirical formula (CH₄) is: ``` Molar mass of CH₄ = (Molar mass of carbon) + (4 * Molar mass of hydrogen) = 12 g/mol + (4 * 1 g/mol) = 16 g/mol ```

6. Calculate the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon: - The relative density of the substance with respect to oxygen is given as 1.8125. - The relative density is the ratio of the molar mass of the substance to the molar mass of oxygen (32 g/mol). - Therefore, the molar mass of the substance can be calculated as follows: ``` Molar mass of the substance = Relative density * Molar mass of oxygen = 1.8125 * 32 g/mol = 58 g/mol ``` - The molecular formula can be determined by dividing the molar mass of the substance by the molar mass of the empirical formula: ``` Molecular formula = Molar mass of the substance / Molar mass of the empirical formula = 58 g/mol / 16 g/mol = 3.625 ``` - Since the molecular formula must be a whole number, we can round it to the nearest whole number: ``` Molecular formula ≈ 4 ```

Answer:

The molecular formula of the hydrocarbon is approximately C₄H₁₀.

Please note that the given solution is based on the information provided and the calculations made.