Question

14. Вкажіть елементи, які мають найбільшу схильність до утворен- ня йонного зв'язку:a) P Ta Cl;Б) Na ta Cl;B) H Ta H;Б) S тa O.​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Б) Na та Cl

Объяснение:

Йонний зв'язок утворюється між елементами із суттєвою різницею електронегативностей. Грубо кажучи, між металом та неметалом

Answer 2

#### Elements with the highest tendency to form an ionic bond Ionic bonds are formed between atoms when there is a large difference in electronegativity. Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. Elements with a high electronegativity tend to gain electrons, while elements with a low electronegativity tend to lose electrons. Based on the given options, we can determine the elements that have the highest tendency to form an ionic bond. The options provided are: a) P Ta Cl b) Na Ta Cl c) H Ta H d) S Ta O To determine the elements with the highest tendency to form an ionic bond, we need to consider the electronegativity values of the elements involved. The element with the higher electronegativity will tend to gain electrons, while the element with the lower electronegativity will tend to lose electrons. Let's analyze each option: a) P Ta Cl: Phosphorus (P) has an electronegativity of 2.19, tantalum (Ta) has an electronegativity of 1.5, and chlorine (Cl) has an electronegativity of 3.16. The electronegativity difference between P and Cl is 3.16 - 2.19 = 0.97, and the electronegativity difference between Ta and Cl is 3.16 - 1.5 = 1.66. Both differences indicate a moderate tendency for ionic bonding, but not the highest. b) Na Ta Cl: Sodium (Na) has an electronegativity of 0.93, tantalum (Ta) has an electronegativity of 1.5, and chlorine (Cl) has an electronegativity of 3.16. The electronegativity difference between Na and Cl is 3.16 - 0.93 = 2.23, and the electronegativity difference between Ta and Cl is 3.16 - 1.5 = 1.66. The difference between Na and Cl indicates a higher tendency for ionic bonding compared to option a), but the difference between Ta and Cl is the same. c) H Ta H: Hydrogen (H) has an electronegativity of 2.2, tantalum (Ta) has an electronegativity of 1.5. The electronegativity difference between H and Ta is 2.2 - 1.5 = 0.7. This difference indicates a lower tendency for ionic bonding compared to options a) and b). d) S Ta O: Sulfur (S) has an electronegativity of 2.58, tantalum (Ta) has an electronegativity of 1.5, and oxygen (O) has an electronegativity of 3.44. The electronegativity difference between S and Ta is 2.58 - 1.5 = 1.08, and the electronegativity difference between Ta and O is 3.44 - 1.5 = 1.94. Both differences indicate a moderate tendency for ionic bonding, but not the highest. Based on the analysis, the option with the highest tendency to form an ionic bond is **b) Na Ta Cl**. The electronegativity difference between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) is the highest among the given options, indicating a stronger tendency for ionic bonding. Please note that the electronegativity values used in this analysis are approximate and may vary depending on the source.