Question

C1. Используя метод электронного баланса, составьте уравнение реакции: HNO3 = H2O + NO2 + O2. Определите окислитель и восстановитель. заранее спасибо

Answer 1

 4HNO3 = 2H2O + 4NO2 + O2
N(+5)+e=N(+4)   4  восстановление, окислитель
2O(-2)-4e=O2(0) 1  окисление, восстановитель

Answer 2

Balancing the Reaction Using the Electron Balance Method

To balance the given reaction using the electron balance method, we first need to write the unbalanced equation:

Unbalanced Equation: HNO3 = H2O + NO2 + O2

Now, let's balance the equation using the electron balance method.

Balancing the Equation Step by Step

1. Assigning Oxidation States: - In HNO3, the oxidation state of hydrogen is +1, nitrogen is +5, and oxygen is -2. - In H2O, the oxidation state of hydrogen is +1 and oxygen is -2. - In NO2, the oxidation state of nitrogen is +4 and oxygen is -2. - In O2, the oxidation state of oxygen is 0.

2. Identifying Redox Pairs: - In this reaction, the redox pairs are HNO3 and NO2.

3. Balancing the Half-Reactions: - The oxidation half-reaction involves the conversion of HNO3 to NO2. - The reduction half-reaction involves the conversion of HNO3 to H2O and O2.

4. Balancing the Half-Reactions: - The oxidation half-reaction: HNO3 → NO2 - The reduction half-reaction: HNO3 → H2O + O2

5. Balancing the Half-Reactions for Atoms: - The oxidation half-reaction: 2HNO3 → 2NO2 - The reduction half-reaction: 4HNO3 → 4H2O + O2

6. Balancing the Half-Reactions for Charge: - The oxidation half-reaction: 2HNO3 + 4e^- → 2NO2 - The reduction half-reaction: 4HNO3 → 4H2O + O2 + 8e^-

7. Balancing the Number of Electrons: - The oxidation half-reaction: 2HNO3 + 4e^- → 2NO2 - The reduction half-reaction: 4HNO3 + 8e^- → 4H2O + O2

Final Balanced Equation and Identification of Oxidizing and Reducing Agents

Balanced Equation: 2HNO3 = 2H2O + 4NO2 + O2

Identification of Oxidizing and Reducing Agents: - Oxidizing Agent: HNO3 is the oxidizing agent because it causes the reduction of other substances by itself being reduced. - Reducing Agent: H2O is the reducing agent because it causes the oxidation of other substances by itself being oxidized.

I hope this helps! If you have any further questions, feel free to ask.