Question

1. Осуществите цепочку превращений:Водород → соляная кислота → хлорид алюминия → гидроксид алюминия → оксид алюминия → сульфат алюминия.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Объяснение:

H2+Cl2=2HCl

6HCl+2Al=2AlCl3+3H2

AlCl3+3NaOH=Al(OH)3+3NaCl

2Al(OH)3=Al2O3+3H2O

Al2O3+3H2SO4=Al2(SO4)3+3H2O

Answer 2

Chain of Transformations: Hydrogen -> Hydrochloric Acid -> Aluminum Chloride -> Aluminum Hydroxide -> Aluminum Oxide -> Aluminum Sulfate

To understand the chain of transformations from hydrogen to aluminum sulfate, let's break it down step by step:

1. Hydrogen (H2): Hydrogen is a chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. Hydrogen can exist as a diatomic molecule, H2, in its gaseous form.

2. Hydrochloric Acid (HCl): Hydrogen can react with chlorine gas (Cl2) to form hydrochloric acid (HCl). Hydrochloric acid is a strong, corrosive acid commonly used in various industrial and laboratory applications. The reaction between hydrogen and chlorine is an example of a redox reaction, where hydrogen is oxidized and chlorine is reduced.

3. Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3): Hydrochloric acid can react with aluminum metal (Al) to form aluminum chloride (AlCl3). This reaction is a classic example of a single displacement reaction, where aluminum replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric acid.

4. Aluminum Hydroxide (Al(OH)3): Aluminum chloride can react with water (H2O) to form aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3). This reaction is an example of a hydrolysis reaction, where water breaks down the aluminum chloride into aluminum hydroxide.

5. Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3): Aluminum hydroxide can undergo dehydration to form aluminum oxide (Al2O3). Dehydration is a process where water molecules are removed from a compound, resulting in the formation of a new compound.

6. Aluminum Sulfate (Al2(SO4)3): Aluminum oxide can react with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to form aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3). This reaction is an example of an acid-base reaction, where the oxide ions from aluminum oxide react with the hydrogen ions from sulfuric acid to form water, while the aluminum and sulfate ions combine to form aluminum sulfate.

So, the chain of transformations from hydrogen to aluminum sulfate is as follows:

Hydrogen (H2) -> Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) -> Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3) -> Aluminum Hydroxide (Al(OH)3) -> Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) -> Aluminum Sulfate (Al2(SO4)3).

Please note that the reactions mentioned above are simplified representations and may involve specific reaction conditions, catalysts, or other factors that are not mentioned here.