Question

Вариант27. Из приведённых ниже реакций выпишите те, которые являются окислительно-восстановительными. Расставьте степени окисления элементов, Укажите окислитель и восстановитель. Составьте электронный баланс, Уравняйте, 1)N2 + H2 2NH3 2)SiO2 + K2O = K2SiO 3)H1 = 12 +H2 4)H2O2 = 02 + H2O 5) Ca(NO3)2 + Na CO, = NaNO3 + CaCO3 6) MgO + CO2 = MgCO3 7) NH4CI + KOH = NH3 +KCI + H2O 8)SiO2 + Mg - Si + MgO​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Объяснение:

1)  N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3

  N(0) + H(0) = N(-3)H(+)

N2(0) +6e = 2N(-3)   1     в-ие

ок-ль

H2(0) -2e = 2H(+)      3    ок-ие

в-ль

2HI = H2 + I2

H(+)I(-) = H(0) + I(0)

2H(+) +2e = H2(0)  1    в-ие

ок-ль

2I(-) -2e = I2(0)        1    ок-ие

в-ль

2H2O2 = O2 + 2H2O

2O(-) -2e = O2(0)     1     ок-ие

в-ль

2O(-) +2e = 2O(-2)   1    в-ие

ок-ль

SiO2 + 2Mg =2 MgO + Si

Si(+4)O(-2) + Mg(0) = Mg(+2)O(-2) + Si(0)

Si(+4) +4e = Si(0)       1    в-ие

ок-ль

Mg(0) -2e = Mg(+2)   2    ок-ие

в-ль

Answer 2

Reactions that are Oxidation-Reduction Reactions:

1) N2 + H2 -> 2NH3 2) SiO2 + K2O -> K2SiO 4) H2O2 -> O2 + H2O 6) MgO + CO2 -> MgCO3 7) NH4CI + KOH -> NH3 + KCI + H2O 8) SiO2 + Mg -> Si + MgO

Degrees of Oxidation and Identification of Oxidizing and Reducing Agents:

1) N2 + H2 -> 2NH3 - The oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in N2 is 0, and in NH3, it is -3. - The oxidation state of hydrogen (H) in H2 is 0, and in NH3, it is +1. - Nitrogen is reduced from 0 to -3, so it is the reducing agent. - Hydrogen is oxidized from 0 to +1, so it is the oxidizing agent.

2) SiO2 + K2O -> K2SiO - The oxidation state of silicon (Si) in SiO2 is +4, and in K2SiO, it is +2. - The oxidation state of oxygen (O) in SiO2 is -2, and in K2SiO, it is -2. - Silicon is reduced from +4 to +2, so it is the reducing agent. - Oxygen remains at -2, so it is neither oxidized nor reduced.

4) H2O2 -> O2 + H2O - The oxidation state of oxygen (O) in H2O2 is -1, and in O2 and H2O, it is 0. - Oxygen is reduced from -1 to 0 in O2, so it is the reducing agent. - Hydrogen remains at +1 in H2O2, so it is neither oxidized nor reduced.

6) MgO + CO2 -> MgCO3 - The oxidation state of magnesium (Mg) in MgO is +2, and in MgCO3, it is +2. - The oxidation state of carbon (C) in CO2 is +4, and in MgCO3, it is +4. - Magnesium remains at +2, so it is neither oxidized nor reduced. - Carbon remains at +4, so it is neither oxidized nor reduced.

7) NH4CI + KOH -> NH3 + KCI + H2O - The oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in NH4CI is -3, and in NH3, it is -3. - The oxidation state of hydrogen (H) in KOH is +1, and in H2O, it is +1. - Nitrogen remains at -3, so it is neither oxidized nor reduced. - Hydrogen remains at +1, so it is neither oxidized nor reduced.

8) SiO2 + Mg -> Si + MgO - The oxidation state of silicon (Si) in SiO2 is +4, and in Si, it is 0. - The oxidation state of magnesium (Mg) in Mg is 0, and in MgO, it is +2. - Silicon is reduced from +4 to 0, so it is the reducing agent. - Magnesium is oxidized from 0 to +2, so it is the oxidizing agent.

Electron Balance and Balancing the Equations:

1) N2 + H2 -> 2NH3 - Electron balance: 0 = 0 (balanced)

2) SiO2 + K2O -> K2SiO - Electron balance: 0 = 0 (balanced)

4) H2O2 -> O2 + H2O - Electron balance: 0 = 0 (balanced)

6) MgO + CO2 -> MgCO3 - Electron balance: 0 = 0 (balanced)

7) NH4CI + KOH -> NH3 + KCI + H2O - Electron balance: 0 = 0 (balanced)

8) SiO2 + Mg -> Si + MgO - Electron balance: 0 = 0 (balanced)

Please note that the equation "3) H1+ = 12 + H2" seems to be incomplete or incorrect. If you have any further questions, feel free to ask!