Question

определите степень вещества окисления атомов и выпишите формулы и названия веществ, которые в каждой химической реакции являются окислителями:а)CuO+H2->Cu+H2Oб)NH3+O2->NO+H2Oв)Cu+FeCl3+FeCl2г)KClO3->KCl+O2

Answer 1

а) степень окисления меди +2. оксид меди - окислитель 
б) степень окисления азота - 3. кислород - окислитель 
в) хлорид железа (3) окислитель. здесь степень окисления железа +3 
г) у хлора степень окисления +5.

Answer 2

Oxidation States and Oxidizing Agents in Chemical Reactions

a) In the reaction CuO + H2 -> Cu + H2O, we need to determine the oxidation states of the atoms and identify the oxidizing agent.

- The oxidation state of oxygen (O) in CuO is -2, as it is a peroxide compound. - The oxidation state of copper (Cu) in CuO is +2, as it is a metal. - The oxidation state of hydrogen (H) in H2 is 0, as it is a diatomic molecule.

To balance the equation, we can see that copper (Cu) is being reduced from +2 to 0, while hydrogen (H) is being oxidized from 0 to +1 in H2O. Therefore, hydrogen (H) is the reducing agent, and copper (Cu) is the oxidizing agent.

b) In the reaction NH3 + O2 -> NO + H2O, we need to determine the oxidation states of the atoms and identify the oxidizing agent.

- The oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in NH3 is -3, as it is a compound with hydrogen. - The oxidation state of oxygen (O) in O2 is 0, as it is a diatomic molecule. - The oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in NO is +2, as it is a compound with oxygen. - The oxidation state of hydrogen (H) in H2O is +1, as it is a compound with oxygen.

To balance the equation, we can see that nitrogen (N) is being oxidized from -3 to +2, while oxygen (O) is being reduced from 0 to -2 in H2O. Therefore, oxygen (O) is the reducing agent, and nitrogen (N) is the oxidizing agent.

c) In the reaction Cu + FeCl3 -> FeCl2 + Cu, we need to determine the oxidation states of the atoms and identify the oxidizing agent.

- The oxidation state of copper (Cu) in Cu is 0, as it is a pure element. - The oxidation state of iron (Fe) in FeCl3 is +3, as it is a compound with chlorine. - The oxidation state of iron (Fe) in FeCl2 is +2, as it is a compound with chlorine.

To balance the equation, we can see that copper (Cu) is being oxidized from 0 to +2, while iron (Fe) is being reduced from +3 to +2. Therefore, iron (Fe) is the reducing agent, and copper (Cu) is the oxidizing agent.

d) In the reaction KClO3 -> KCl + O2, we need to determine the oxidation states of the atoms and identify the oxidizing agent.

- The oxidation state of potassium (K) in KClO3 is +1, as it is a pure element. - The oxidation state of chlorine (Cl) in KCl is -1, as it is a compound with potassium. - The oxidation state of oxygen (O) in O2 is 0, as it is a diatomic molecule.

To balance the equation, we can see that chlorine (Cl) is being reduced from +5 to -1, while oxygen (O) is being oxidized from -2 to 0. Therefore, chlorine (Cl) is the oxidizing agent, and oxygen (O) is the reducing agent.

Please note that the oxidation states mentioned above are based on general rules and may vary in certain compounds or coordination complexes.