Question

При помощи каких реакций можно осуществить следующие превращения: C->CH4->CH3CL->C2H6->C2H2OH

Answer 1

C + 2H2 = CH4 (гидрирование)
CH4 + Cl2 = CH3Cl + HCl (освещение)
2 CH3Cl + Zn = C2H6 + ZnCl2 (реакция Вюрца)
C2H6 = C2H4 + H2 (катализатор)
C2H4 + H2O = C2H5OH (гидратация этилена)

Answer 2

Chemical Reactions for the Given Transformations

To achieve the transformations from C to CH4 to CH3Cl to C2H6 to C2H2OH, several chemical reactions are involved. Let's break down the reactions step by step:

1. C to CH4: - The transformation of carbon (C) to methane (CH4) can be achieved through a process called hydrogenation, which involves the addition of hydrogen to the carbon atom. - The general chemical equation for this reaction is: ``` C + 2H2 → CH4 ``` - This reaction is a key step in the production of methane, which is the main component of natural gas [[1]].

2. CH4 to CH3Cl: - The conversion of methane (CH4) to chloromethane (CH3Cl) typically involves a substitution reaction where a hydrogen atom in methane is replaced by a chlorine atom. - The general chemical equation for this reaction is: ``` CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl ``` - This reaction is an important step in the industrial production of chloromethane, which is used in various chemical processes [[2]].

3. CH3Cl to C2H6: - The transformation of chloromethane (CH3Cl) to ethane (C2H6) can be achieved through a process called Wurtz reaction, which involves the coupling of two alkyl halides to form a longer carbon chain. - The general chemical equation for this reaction is: ``` 2CH3Cl + 2Na → C2H6 + 2NaCl ``` - This reaction is a fundamental method for the synthesis of alkanes, such as ethane, from alkyl halides [[3]].

4. C2H6 to C2H2OH: - The conversion of ethane (C2H6) to ethanol (C2H5OH) involves a series of reactions, with the key step being the hydration of ethylene (C2H4) to form ethanol. - The general chemical equation for this reaction is: ``` C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH ``` - This reaction is a crucial process in the production of ethanol, which is widely used as a solvent, fuel, and in alcoholic beverages [[4]].

Conclusion

In summary, the transformations from C to CH4 to CH3Cl to C2H6 to C2H2OH involve a series of chemical reactions including hydrogenation, substitution, Wurtz reaction, and hydration. Each reaction plays a specific role in the overall process of converting carbon to ethanol.