Question

Решите пожалуйста, закончить уравнения реакций, проставить коэффициенты методом электронного баланса а) галлий + разбавленная азотная кислота б) литий + концентрированная азотная кислота.

Answer 1

А) Ga+4HNO3=Ga(NO3)3+NO+2H2O
б)4Li+8HNO3=4LiNO3+4NO2+4H2O

Answer 2

Balancing Chemical Equations

To balance the given chemical equations, we will use the method of electron balance. This method involves ensuring that the number of electrons gained in the reduction half-reaction is equal to the number of electrons lost in the oxidation half-reaction.

a) Gallium + Dilute Nitric Acid:

The unbalanced equation for the reaction between gallium and dilute nitric acid is:

Ga + HNO3 → Ga(NO3)3 + NO + H2O

To balance this equation, we will follow these steps:

Step 1: Balance the atoms other than hydrogen and oxygen. - The number of gallium (Ga) atoms is already balanced on both sides. - The number of nitrogen (N) atoms is already balanced on both sides. - The number of hydrogen (H) atoms is already balanced on both sides. - The number of oxygen (O) atoms is already balanced on both sides.

Step 2: Balance the oxygen atoms by adding water (H2O) molecules. - There are 3 oxygen atoms on the right side (Ga(NO3)3) and none on the left side. - We need to add 3 H2O molecules on the left side to balance the oxygen atoms.

The balanced equation for the reaction between gallium and dilute nitric acid is:

2Ga + 6HNO3 → 2Ga(NO3)3 + 3NO + 3H2O

b) Lithium + Concentrated Nitric Acid:

The unbalanced equation for the reaction between lithium and concentrated nitric acid is:

Li + HNO3 → LiNO3 + NO + H2O

To balance this equation, we will follow the same steps as before:

Step 1: Balance the atoms other than hydrogen and oxygen. - The number of lithium (Li) atoms is already balanced on both sides. - The number of nitrogen (N) atoms is already balanced on both sides. - The number of hydrogen (H) atoms is already balanced on both sides. - The number of oxygen (O) atoms is already balanced on both sides.

Step 2: Balance the oxygen atoms by adding water (H2O) molecules. - There are 3 oxygen atoms on the right side (LiNO3) and none on the left side. - We need to add 3 H2O molecules on the left side to balance the oxygen atoms.

The balanced equation for the reaction between lithium and concentrated nitric acid is:

6Li + 10HNO3 → 6LiNO3 + 3NO + 5H2O

Please note that the coefficients in the balanced equations represent the relative number of molecules or moles of each substance involved in the reaction.