Question

Даны вещества: цинк; оксид меди (2); серебро; оксид фосфора (5); гидроксид калия; карбонат натрия. С какими из этих веществ будет реагировать соляная кислота? Составьте уравнения возможных реакций. Уравнение реакции нейтрализации составьте в молекулярном, полном и сокращенном ионном виде.

Answer 1

2HCl + Zn -> ZnCl2 + H2


2HCl + CuO -> CuCl2 + H2O


HCl + KOH -> KCl + H2O
H(+) + Cl(-) + K(+) + OH(-)-> K(+) + Cl(-)+ H2O
H(+) + OH(-)-> H2O ( реакция нейтрализации)

2HCl + Na2CO3 -> 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O

Answer 2

Reactivity of Substances with Hydrochloric Acid

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid and can react with various substances. Let's determine which of the given substances will react with hydrochloric acid and then write the possible chemical equations for these reactions.

1. Substances that React with Hydrochloric Acid: - Zinc (Zn) - Copper(II) oxide (CuO) - Silver (Ag) - Potassium hydroxide (KOH) - Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)

2. Possible Reactions: - Zinc (Zn): - Zinc will react with hydrochloric acid to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas. - Molecular Equation: ``` Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g) ``` - Ionic Equation: ``` Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + H2(g) ``` - Net Ionic Equation: ``` Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + H2(g) ```

- Copper(II) oxide (CuO): - Copper(II) oxide will react with hydrochloric acid to produce copper(II) chloride and water. - Molecular Equation: ``` CuO(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CuCl2(aq) + H2O(l) ``` - Ionic Equation: ``` CuO(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → Cu2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) ``` - Net Ionic Equation: ``` CuO(s) + 2H+(aq) → Cu2+(aq) + H2O(l) ```

- Potassium hydroxide (KOH): - Potassium hydroxide will react with hydrochloric acid in a neutralization reaction to produce potassium chloride and water. - Molecular Equation: ``` 2KOH(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → 2KCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) ``` - Ionic Equation: ``` 2K+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → 2K+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + 2H2O(l) ``` - Net Ionic Equation: ``` 2OH-(aq) + 2H+(aq) → 2H2O(l) ```

- Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3): - Sodium carbonate will react with hydrochloric acid to produce sodium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide gas. - Molecular Equation: ``` Na2CO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) ``` - Ionic Equation: ``` Na2CO3(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → 2Na+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) ``` - Net Ionic Equation: ``` CO3^2-(aq) + 2H+(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g) ```

3. Conclusion: - Zinc, copper(II) oxide, potassium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate will react with hydrochloric acid to form different products based on their chemical properties.

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