Question

Напишите хим. реакции с фенолом,где это возможно C₆H₅OH+HCl C₆H₅OH+Cu(OH)2 C₆H₅OH+Cl2 C₆H₅OH+Na C₆H₅OH+FeCl3 C₆H₅OH+NaOH C₆H₅OH+N2

Answer 1

фенол с хлором даёт пара-хлорфенол и хлороводород
с натрием=фенолят натрия и водород
3С6H5OH+FeCl3= (C6H5O)3Fe +3 HCl
фенол с гидроксидом натрия даёт фенолят натрия и воду

Answer 2

Reactions of Phenol (C₆H₅OH)

Phenol (C₆H₅OH) is an aromatic compound that can undergo various chemical reactions. Let's explore the reactions of phenol with the given reagents:

1. Phenol (C₆H₅OH) + HCl: - Phenol reacts with HCl (hydrochloric acid) to form phenol hydrochloride. - The reaction can be represented as: C₆H₅OH + HCl → C₆H₅OH·HCl - This reaction is an acid-base reaction where phenol acts as a weak acid and reacts with the strong acid HCl to form a salt.

2. Phenol (C₆H₅OH) + Cu(OH)₂: - Phenol does not react directly with Cu(OH)₂ (copper(II) hydroxide). - However, phenol can undergo oxidation reactions in the presence of copper salts and air to form quinones. - The reaction with Cu(OH)₂ alone does not lead to a significant reaction.

3. Phenol (C₆H₅OH) + Cl₂: - Phenol reacts with chlorine gas (Cl₂) in the presence of a catalyst to form 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. - The reaction can be represented as: C₆H₅OH + 3Cl₂ → C₆H₂Cl₃OH + 3HCl - This reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction where the chlorine atoms replace hydrogen atoms on the phenol ring.

4. Phenol (C₆H₅OH) + Na: - Phenol does not react directly with sodium (Na). - Sodium is a strong reducing agent and can react with water to produce hydrogen gas, but it does not react with phenol.

5. Phenol (C₆H₅OH) + FeCl₃: - Phenol reacts with FeCl₃ (iron(III) chloride) to form a colored complex known as ferric phenoxide. - The reaction can be represented as: C₆H₅OH + FeCl₃ → [C₆H₅O]FeCl₂ + HCl - This reaction is a Lewis acid-base reaction where phenol acts as a Lewis base and coordinates with the Lewis acid FeCl₃.

6. Phenol (C₆H₅OH) + NaOH: - Phenol reacts with NaOH (sodium hydroxide) to form sodium phenoxide and water. - The reaction can be represented as: C₆H₅OH + NaOH → C₆H₅ONa + H₂O - This reaction is an acid-base reaction where phenol acts as a weak acid and reacts with the strong base NaOH to form a salt.

7. Phenol (C₆H₅OH) + N₂: - Phenol does not react directly with nitrogen gas (N₂). - Nitrogen gas is relatively unreactive and does not readily react with phenol.

Please note that the reactions mentioned above are general representations and may involve additional steps or side reactions in specific conditions.