Question

Натрий массой 18.4 г полностью прореагировал с водой. Рассчитайте, сколько граммов соляной кислоты может нейтрализовать полученный в результате реакции гидроксид натрия.

Answer 1

Решение задачи находится на фото

Answer 2

Calculation of the Amount of Hydrochloric Acid Required to Neutralize Sodium Hydroxide

To calculate the amount of hydrochloric acid required to neutralize the sodium hydroxide produced from the reaction between sodium and water, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and water is as follows:

2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2

From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of sodium react with 2 moles of water to produce 2 moles of sodium hydroxide and 1 mole of hydrogen gas.

Given that the mass of sodium used is 18.4 g, we can calculate the number of moles of sodium using its molar mass. The molar mass of sodium (Na) is approximately 22.99 g/mol.

Number of moles of sodium = mass of sodium / molar mass of sodium Number of moles of sodium = 18.4 g / 22.99 g/mol

Now, since the reaction is stoichiometric, we know that the number of moles of sodium hydroxide produced is equal to the number of moles of sodium used.

Number of moles of sodium hydroxide = number of moles of sodium

To calculate the mass of hydrochloric acid required to neutralize the sodium hydroxide, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.

The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction is as follows:

HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of hydrochloric acid reacts with 1 mole of sodium hydroxide to produce 1 mole of sodium chloride and 1 mole of water.

Therefore, the mass of hydrochloric acid required to neutralize the sodium hydroxide is equal to the molar mass of sodium hydroxide.

Molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = 22.99 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol + 1.01 g/mol Molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = 39.00 g/mol

Mass of hydrochloric acid required = number of moles of sodium hydroxide * molar mass of sodium hydroxide Mass of hydrochloric acid required = (18.4 g / 22.99 g/mol) * 39.00 g/mol

Now, let's calculate the mass of hydrochloric acid required.

Mass of hydrochloric acid required = (18.4 g / 22.99 g/mol) * 39.00 g/mol

Please note that the calculation provided above assumes that the reaction goes to completion and that there are no other factors affecting the reaction. In practice, the reaction may not go to completion, and other factors such as impurities in the reactants may affect the stoichiometry of the reaction.