Question

В трех пробирках без этикеток находятся вещества белого цвета:а)хлорид аммонияб)сульфат аммонияв)нитрат аммония.Напишите уравнения реакций,с помощью которых можно распознавать каждое вещество.Составьте схему распознавания веществ.

Answer 1

ответ б наверно точно не помню

Answer 2

а)NH4CL+KOH=KCl+NH3+H2O-запах аммиака

б)(NH4)2SO4+Ba(OH)2=2NH33+2H2O+BaSO4(белый осадок)-качественная реакция на сульфат ионы

в)NH4NO3= 2H2O  +N2O -бурый газ

 

Answer 3

Identification of Substances in the Unlabeled Test Tubes

To identify the substances in the unlabeled test tubes, we can use chemical reactions specific to each substance. Here are the equations for the reactions and a scheme for identifying the substances:

1. Chloride Ammonium (NH4Cl): - Reaction: NH4Cl + NaOH → NH3 + H2O + NaCl - In this reaction, ammonium chloride reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce ammonia gas, water, and sodium chloride. The formation of ammonia gas can be detected by its characteristic smell, which is pungent and similar to that of household ammonia.

2. Ammonium Sulfate (NH4)2SO4: - Reaction: (NH4)2SO4 + BaCl2 → BaSO4 + 2NH4Cl - In this reaction, ammonium sulfate reacts with barium chloride to produce barium sulfate and ammonium chloride. Barium sulfate is a white precipitate that forms during the reaction. It can be identified by its insolubility in water and its characteristic white color.

3. Ammonium Nitrate NH4NO3: - Reaction: NH4NO3 + NaOH → NH3 + H2O + NaNO3 - In this reaction, ammonium nitrate reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce ammonia gas, water, and sodium nitrate. As with the reaction involving chloride ammonium, the formation of ammonia gas can be detected by its characteristic smell.

Scheme for Identifying the Substances

To identify the substances in the unlabeled test tubes, you can follow this scheme:

1. Add a few drops of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution to each test tube. 2. Observe the reaction in each test tube: - If a pungent smell similar to household ammonia is detected, the substance is likely chloride ammonium (NH4Cl). - If a white precipitate forms, the substance is likely ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4). - If a pungent smell similar to household ammonia is detected and no white precipitate forms, the substance is likely ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3).

Remember to handle all chemicals with care and follow appropriate safety precautions when conducting experiments.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.