Question

написать электронные уравнения реакций, происходящих на электродах при электролизе водного раствора сульфата кадмия: 1. с инертными электродами 2. с кадмиевым анодом

Answer 1

1) 2 KI +2 H2O ---эл.ток---> H2 +2KOH +I2
на катоде: при электролизе водных растворов щелочных металлов, электролизу подвергается вода т.к. E(металла)< E(H2O)
2H2O+2e---->H2 + 2 OH(-)
на аноде: 2I(-) -2e----> I2 
2)Na2SO4 + H2O ---эл.ток--->H2 + O2 + 4NaOH + 2H2SO4
на катоде: 2H2O+2e----->H2 +2OH(-)
на аноде: 2H2O -4e------>O2 + 4H(+) т.е. в данном случае идет электролиз воды, выделение О2 из SO4(2-) требует более глубоких анодных поляризаций, чем электролиз воды
В ЛС ВОПРОСЫ НЕ ПИСАТЬ! 

Answer 2

Electrolysis of Aqueous Cadmium Sulfate Solution

When discussing the electrolysis of aqueous cadmium sulfate solution, it's important to consider the reactions occurring at the electrodes under two different conditions: with inert electrodes and with a cadmium anode.

Electrolysis with Inert Electrodes

When the electrolysis of aqueous cadmium sulfate solution is carried out with inert electrodes, the following reactions occur at the electrodes:

At the Cathode (Reduction): The reduction half-reaction at the cathode involves the reduction of water:

2H2O(l) + 2e- → H2(g) + 2OH-(aq)

This reaction leads to the formation of hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions.

At the Anode (Oxidation): The oxidation half-reaction at the anode involves the oxidation of water:

2H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e-

This reaction leads to the formation of oxygen gas, protons, and electrons.

Electrolysis with Cadmium Anode

When the electrolysis of aqueous cadmium sulfate solution is carried out with a cadmium anode, the following reactions occur at the electrodes:

At the Cathode (Reduction): The reduction half-reaction at the cathode remains the same as in the case of inert electrodes:

2H2O(l) + 2e- → H2(g) + 2OH-(aq)

This reaction leads to the formation of hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions.

At the Anode (Oxidation): The oxidation half-reaction at the anode involves the oxidation of cadmium:

Cd(s) → Cd2+(aq) + 2e-

This reaction leads to the dissolution of cadmium solid into cadmium ions and electrons.

It's important to note that the overall reaction for the electrolysis of aqueous cadmium sulfate solution with a cadmium anode involves the combination of the reduction and oxidation half-reactions at the respective electrodes.

These reactions demonstrate the fundamental principles of electrolysis and the specific reactions that occur during the electrolysis of aqueous cadmium sulfate solution under different electrode conditions.

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