Question

ДАЮ 20 БАЛОВ Для речовини СН3 ― СН2 ― СН2 ― СН2 ― СН3 напишіть формули двох ізомерів і двох гомологів. Назвіть речовини.​

Answer 1

Ответ:

изомеры: CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3

CH3-CH(C2H5)-CH3

гомологи

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

Answer 2

Isomers and Homologues of the Compound CH3―CH2―CH2―CH2―CH3

The compound CH3―CH2―CH2―CH2―CH3 is a type of alkane, which is a type of hydrocarbon. Alkanes are organic compounds that consist entirely of single-bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms. Let's explore the isomers and homologues of this compound.

Isomers: Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas. For the given compound CH3―CH2―CH2―CH2―CH3, the isomers can be identified by rearranging the carbon atoms while maintaining the same molecular formula.

One isomer of CH3―CH2―CH2―CH2―CH3 is butane (C4H10), which has the structural formula CH3―CH2―CH2―CH3. This is an isomer because it has the same molecular formula as the original compound but a different structural arrangement .

Homologues: Homologues are a series of compounds in which each member differs from the next by a specific structural unit, typically a CH2 group. In the case of CH3―CH2―CH2―CH2―CH3, the homologues can be identified by adding CH2 groups to the structure while maintaining the same functional group and chemical properties.

One homologue of CH3―CH2―CH2―CH2―CH3 is pentane (C5H12), which has the structural formula CH3―CH2―CH2―CH2―CH2―CH3. This is a homologue because it differs from the original compound by a CH2 group and maintains the same functional group and chemical properties .

Compound Names: 1. Isomer: Butane (C4H10) 2. Homologue: Pentane (C5H12)

These compounds belong to the alkane family and are part of the series of hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2, where n represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.

I hope this helps! If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask.