Question

Свойства веществ во многом определяются их кристаллическойрешёткой. Определите типкристаллической решетки каждогонеизвестного вещества похарактеристикам.1) Вещество X является газом (при н.у.),имеет низкие температуры плавления иКипения, высокую летучесть, малуюТвёрдость.___________________2) Вещество Y находится в твёрдомагрегатном состоянии (при н.у.),обладает большой твёрдостью, хорошорастворимо в воде. И ЭТОт растворхорошо проводит электрическийТОК.__________________3) Вещество Z имеет высокуютемпературу плавления, большуюпрочность._________________​

Answer 1

Ответ:

1)молекулярная

2)ионная

3)атомная

Answer 2

Unknown Substance X:

Based on the given characteristics, Substance X is a gas at standard temperature and pressure (n.u.), has low melting and boiling points, high volatility, and low hardness. These properties suggest that Substance X likely has a simple molecular crystal lattice. Simple molecular crystals consist of individual molecules held together by weak intermolecular forces, such as London dispersion forces or dipole-dipole interactions. The weak intermolecular forces allow the molecules to move freely, resulting in low melting and boiling points, as well as high volatility. The low hardness indicates that the intermolecular forces between the molecules are weak, making it easy to break the crystal lattice structure. [[1]].

Unknown Substance Y:

Based on the given characteristics, Substance Y is in a solid state at standard temperature and pressure (n.u.), has high hardness, good solubility in water, and conducts electricity when dissolved. These properties suggest that Substance Y likely has an ionic crystal lattice. Ionic crystals are composed of positively and negatively charged ions held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction. The high hardness is a result of the strong ionic bonds between the ions. The good solubility in water indicates that the ions can dissociate and interact with water molecules. The ability to conduct electricity when dissolved suggests that the ions are mobile and can carry electric charge. [[2]].

Unknown Substance Z:

Based on the given characteristics, Substance Z has a high melting point and high strength. These properties suggest that Substance Z likely has a metallic crystal lattice. Metallic crystals are composed of metal atoms arranged in a regular pattern, with the outer electrons of the metal atoms delocalized and free to move throughout the lattice. The delocalized electrons give metals their characteristic properties, such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, malleability, and ductility. The high melting point and high strength are a result of the strong metallic bonds between the metal atoms. [[3]].

Please note that the identification of crystal lattice types based on the given characteristics is an inference and may not be definitive without further experimental analysis.