Question

Помогите в Химии плохо разбираюсь( 1)CH=CH->C6H6->C6H5-CI->C6H5-OH2)CH->CH3CI->C2H6->C2H2->C6H6->?->C6H5-OH3)C6H6->C6H5-Br->C6H5-OH->C6H5-ONa​

Answer 1

1. C2H2 == C6H6 == C6H5Cl == C6H5OH

3C2H2 == C6H6

C6H6 + Cl2 == C6H5Cl + HCl

C6H5Cl + KOH == C6H5OH + KCl

2. CH4 = CH3Cl = C2H6 = C2H2 = C6H6 = C6H5Cl = C6H5OH

CH4 + Cl2 == CH3Cl + HCl

2CH3Cl + 2Na == C2H6 + 2NaCl

C2H6 == C2H2 + 2H2

3C2H2 == C6H6

C6H6 + Cl2 == C6H5Cl + HCl

C6H5Cl + KOH == C6H5OH + KCl

3. C6H6 == C6H5Br == C6H5OH == C6H5ONa

C6H6 + Br2 == C6H5Br + HBr

C6H5Br + KOH == C6H5OH + KBr

2C6H5OH + 2Na == 2C6H5ONa + H2↑

Answer 2

Reaction 1: CH=CH -> C6H6 -> C6H5-Cl -> C6H5-OH

The given reaction sequence involves the conversion of CH=CH to C6H6, then to C6H5-Cl, and finally to C6H5-OH.

1. CH=CH -> C6H6: - The reaction involves the conversion of ethene (CH=CH) to benzene (C6H6). - This reaction is known as the polymerization of ethene to form benzene. - The reaction is typically carried out under high pressure and in the presence of a catalyst. - The exact mechanism of this reaction can vary depending on the conditions used.

2. C6H6 -> C6H5-Cl: - The next step involves the conversion of benzene (C6H6) to chlorobenzene (C6H5-Cl). - This reaction is known as the electrophilic substitution of benzene with chlorine. - The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, such as iron(III) chloride (FeCl3). - The chlorine atom substitutes one of the hydrogen atoms in the benzene ring, resulting in the formation of chlorobenzene.

3. C6H5-Cl -> C6H5-OH: - The final step involves the conversion of chlorobenzene (C6H5-Cl) to phenol (C6H5-OH). - This reaction is known as the nucleophilic substitution of a halogen atom with a hydroxyl group. - The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH). - The hydroxide ion (OH-) substitutes the chlorine atom in the chlorobenzene, resulting in the formation of phenol.

Note: It is important to note that the given reaction sequence is not complete, as there is a missing step between C6H6 and C6H5-OH. Without additional information, it is not possible to determine the exact reaction that occurs in this step.

Reaction 2: CH -> CH3Cl -> C2H6 -> C2H2 -> C6H6 -> ? -> C6H5-OH

The given reaction sequence involves the conversion of CH to CH3Cl, then to C2H6, C2H2, C6H6, and finally to C6H5-OH.

1. CH -> CH3Cl: - The first step involves the conversion of methyl radical (CH) to methyl chloride (CH3Cl). - This reaction is known as the chlorination of methane. - The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of chlorine gas (Cl2) and under UV light or high temperature. - The chlorine atom substitutes one of the hydrogen atoms in the methane molecule, resulting in the formation of methyl chloride.

2. CH3Cl -> C2H6: - The next step involves the conversion of methyl chloride (CH3Cl) to ethane (C2H6). - This reaction is known as the hydrolysis of alkyl halides. - The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of water (H2O) and a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH). - The hydroxide ion (OH-) substitutes the chlorine atom in the methyl chloride, resulting in the formation of ethane.

3. C2H6 -> C2H2: - The next step involves the conversion of ethane (C2H6) to ethyne (C2H2). - This reaction is known as the dehydrogenation of ethane. - The reaction is typically carried out at high temperatures and in the presence of a catalyst, such as platinum (Pt) or silver (Ag). - The catalyst helps to remove hydrogen atoms from the ethane molecule, resulting in the formation of ethyne.

4. C2H2 -> C6H6: - The next step involves the conversion of ethyne (C2H2) to benzene (C6H6). - This reaction is known as the polymerization of ethyne to form benzene. - The reaction is typically carried out under high pressure and in the presence of a catalyst. - The exact mechanism of this reaction can vary depending on the conditions used.

5. C6H6 -> ? -> C6H5-OH: - The final step involves the conversion of benzene (C6H6) to phenol (C6H5-OH). - Without additional information, it is not possible to determine the exact reaction that occurs in this step.

Reaction 3: C6H6 -> C6H5-Br -> C6H5-OH -> C6H5-ONa

The given reaction sequence involves the conversion of benzene (C6H6) to bromobenzene (C6H5-Br), then to phenol (C6H5-OH), and finally to sodium phenoxide (C6H5-ONa).

1. C6H6 -> C6H5-Br: - The first step involves the conversion of benzene (C6H6) to bromobenzene (C6H5-Br). - This reaction is known as the electrophilic substitution of benzene with bromine. - The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, such as iron(III) bromide (FeBr3). - The bromine atom substitutes one of the hydrogen atoms in the benzene ring, resulting in the formation of bromobenzene.

2. C6H5-Br -> C6H5-OH: - The next step involves the conversion of bromobenzene (C6H5-Br) to phenol (C6H5-OH). - This reaction is known as the nucleophilic substitution of a halogen atom with a hydroxyl group. - The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH). - The hydroxide ion (OH-) substitutes the bromine atom in the bromobenzene, resulting in the formation of phenol.

3. C6H5-OH -> C6H5-ONa: - The final step involves the conversion of phenol (C6H5-OH) to sodium phenoxide (C6H5-ONa). - This reaction is known as the neutralization of phenol with sodium hydroxide. - The reaction is typically carried out by adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to phenol. - The hydroxide ion (OH-) from sodium hydroxide reacts with the hydrogen atom in phenol, resulting in the formation of sodium phenoxide.

Note: It is important to note that the given reaction sequence is not complete, as there is a missing step between C6H6 and C6H5-Br. Without additional information, it is not possible to determine the exact reaction that occurs in this step.