Question

Ая задача 1 Написать электронную конфигурацию атома элемента с порядковым номером 37, 53, 41 в основном и возбужденном состояниях. Используя электронную конфигурацию внешнего и предвнешнего энергетических уровней, определить местоположение элемента в периодической системе (группа, подгруппа, период), указать его название и символ. Определить, к какому электронному семейству принадлежит элемент. Указать значения валентностей и степеней окисления элемента в основном И возбужденном состояниях.

Answer 1

А) 18*47+22=868
б) 103*58+33=6 007
в) 0*65+33=33

Answer 2

Electron Configurations of Elements 37, 53, and 41

To determine the electron configurations of elements with atomic numbers 37, 53, and 41 in their ground and excited states, we can use the periodic table as a reference.

1. Element with atomic number 37: - The element with atomic number 37 is rubidium (Rb). - The electron configuration of rubidium in its ground state is: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^1 [[1]]. - In the excited state, an electron from the 5s orbital can be promoted to a higher energy level. For example, the excited state electron configuration of rubidium can be: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^1.

2. Element with atomic number 53: - The element with atomic number 53 is iodine (I). - The electron configuration of iodine in its ground state is: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^10 5p^6 6s^2 4f^14 5d^10 6p^5 [[2]]. - In the excited state, an electron from the 6p orbital can be promoted to a higher energy level. For example, the excited state electron configuration of iodine can be: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^10 5p^6 6s^2 4f^14 5d^10 6p^4 7s^1.

3. Element with atomic number 41: - The element with atomic number 41 is niobium (Nb). - The electron configuration of niobium in its ground state is: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^4 [[3]]. - In the excited state, an electron from the 4d orbital can be promoted to a higher energy level. For example, the excited state electron configuration of niobium can be: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^3 5p^1.

Location of the Elements in the Periodic Table

1. Rubidium (Rb): - Rubidium belongs to Group 1 (alkali metals) and Period 5 of the periodic table. - Its symbol is Rb.

2. Iodine (I): - Iodine belongs to Group 17 (halogens) and Period 5 of the periodic table. - Its symbol is I.

3. Niobium (Nb): - Niobium belongs to Group 5 and Period 5 of the periodic table. - Its symbol is Nb.

Electron Family, Valencies, and Oxidation States

1. Rubidium (Rb): - Rubidium belongs to the alkali metal family. - The valency of rubidium is +1 in its ground state. - In the excited state, the valency of rubidium remains +1.

2. Iodine (I): - Iodine belongs to the halogen family. - The valency of iodine is -1 in its ground state. - In the excited state, the valency of iodine remains -1.

3. Niobium (Nb): - Niobium belongs to the transition metal family. - The valency of niobium can vary, but it commonly exhibits a valency of +3 or +5. - In the excited state, the valency of niobium remains the same.

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