Question

В реакцию с 36,5г. Соляной кислоты вступает 24г. магния. Найти объём выделившегося газа

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Calculating the Volume of Gas Produced

To calculate the volume of gas produced when 36.5g of hydrochloric acid reacts with 24g of magnesium, we can use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

2HCl + Mg → MgCl2 + H2

According to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation, 1 mole of magnesium reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas. From the given masses of the reactants, we can calculate the moles of each reactant and then determine the limiting reactant to find the volume of gas produced.

Calculating Moles of Reactants

First, let's calculate the moles of each reactant using their molar masses.

The molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is approximately 36.5g/mol, and the molar mass of magnesium (Mg) is approximately 24.3g/mol.

- Moles of HCl = Mass of HCl / Molar mass of HCl - Moles of Mg = Mass of Mg / Molar mass of Mg

Using the given masses: - Moles of HCl = 36.5g / 36.5g/mol = 1 mol - Moles of Mg = 24g / 24.3g/mol ≈ 0.9877 mol

Determining the Limiting Reactant

Since the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation is 2 moles of HCl to 1 mole of Mg, the limiting reactant can be determined by comparing the moles of each reactant.

In this case, magnesium is the limiting reactant because it is present in a smaller amount compared to the stoichiometric ratio.

Calculating the Volume of Gas Produced

Now that we know magnesium is the limiting reactant, we can calculate the volume of hydrogen gas produced using the ideal gas law, assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP).

At STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters.

- Moles of H2 produced = Moles of Mg (from stoichiometry) = 0.9877 mol - Volume of H2 produced = Moles of H2 * Molar volume at STP - Volume of H2 produced = 0.9877 mol * 22.4 L/mol ≈ 22.13 L

Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas produced when 36.5g of hydrochloric acid reacts with 24g of magnesium is approximately 22.13 liters.