Question

Как изменяются свойства металлов и неметаллов в периодической системе химических элементов? срочно!!!​

Answer 1

Периодическая система Д. И. Менделеева построена по двум основополагающим законам, именуемым периодическими. Вещества в таблице распределены по периодам. Чем больше период, тем более сильно проявляются металлические свойства элемента (в пределах группы), соответственно, чем меньше период, тем меньше проявляются металлические свойства.

Answer 2

Properties of Metals in the Periodic Table

Metals are located on the left side of the periodic table, and they generally have the following properties:

1. Luster: Metals have a shiny appearance due to their ability to reflect light. 2. Malleability: Metals can be hammered or pressed into thin sheets without breaking. 3. Ductility: Metals can be drawn into wires without breaking. 4. Conductivity: Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. 5. High Melting and Boiling Points: Metals generally have high melting and boiling points. 6. Density: Metals are usually dense materials. 7. Tensile Strength: Metals have high tensile strength, which means they can withstand pulling forces without breaking. 8. Reactivity: Metals can react with other substances, such as oxygen, to form metal oxides.

These properties make metals useful in various applications, such as construction, electrical wiring, and manufacturing of tools and machinery.

Properties of Nonmetals in the Periodic Table

Nonmetals are located on the right side of the periodic table, and they generally have the following properties:

1. Dull Appearance: Nonmetals do not have a shiny appearance like metals. 2. Brittleness: Nonmetals are generally brittle and can easily break when subjected to stress. 3. Poor Conductivity: Nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity. 4. Low Melting and Boiling Points: Nonmetals generally have low melting and boiling points. 5. Low Density: Nonmetals are usually less dense compared to metals. 6. Low Tensile Strength: Nonmetals have low tensile strength and are not able to withstand pulling forces as well as metals. 7. Reactivity: Nonmetals can react with other substances, such as metals, to form compounds.

Nonmetals are commonly used in applications such as insulation, semiconductors, and as components in various chemical compounds.

Transition Elements and Metalloids

In addition to metals and nonmetals, there are two other categories of elements in the periodic table that exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals:

1. Transition Elements: These elements are located in the middle of the periodic table, between groups 2 and 13. Transition elements have properties that are intermediate between metals and nonmetals. They have high melting and boiling points, are good conductors of heat and electricity, and can form colored compounds. 2. Metalloids: Metalloids are elements that are located along the "staircase" line in the periodic table, separating metals from nonmetals. Metalloids exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals. They have intermediate conductivity, can be shiny or dull, and can be either brittle or malleable.

It's important to note that while these general properties apply to most metals, nonmetals, transition elements, and metalloids, there can be exceptions and variations within each group.