Question

Решите пожалуйста А-1-2. Катя узнала, что химическая формула сахара С12Н22О11.Мама предложила ей рассчитать, какова массовая доля в сахаре углерода, водорода и кислорода. Помоги Кате выполнить задание.А-1-3. Учитель химии рассказал ребятам, что формула азотной кислоты НNO3 и попросил рассчитать массовую долю химических элементов входящих в состав молекулы. Проведите такой расчёт.А-1-4. Водород и кислород можно получить из воды. Рассчитай, какова массовая доля водорода и кислорода в воде.

Answer 1

Відповідь:

А-1-2.

Mr(C12H22O11)=342

w(C)=144*100/342=42,1%

w(H)=22*100/342=6,4%

w(O)=176*100/342=51,5%

А-1-3

Mr(HNO3+=63

w(H)=1*100/63=1,6%

w(N)=14*100/63=22,2%

w(O)=48*100/63=76,2%

А-1-4.

Mr(H2O)=18

w(H)=2*100/18=11,1%

w(O)=16*100/18=88,9%

Пояснення:

Answer 2

Ответ:

На фотографии…

Answer 3

Task A-1-2: Calculation of Mass Percentage of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in Sugar (C12H22O11)

To calculate the mass percentage of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in sugar (C12H22O11), we need to determine the molar mass of each element and the total molar mass of the compound.

The molar mass of carbon (C) is approximately 12.01 g/mol, hydrogen (H) is approximately 1.01 g/mol, and oxygen (O) is approximately 16.00 g/mol.

The molar mass of sugar (C12H22O11) can be calculated as follows:

(12 * 12.01 g/mol) + (22 * 1.01 g/mol) + (11 * 16.00 g/mol) = 342.34 g/mol

Now, let's calculate the mass percentage of each element:

1. Carbon (C): - The molar mass of carbon in sugar is (12 * 12.01 g/mol) = 144.12 g/mol. - The mass percentage of carbon in sugar is (144.12 g/mol / 342.34 g/mol) * 100% ≈ 42.1%.

2. Hydrogen (H): - The molar mass of hydrogen in sugar is (22 * 1.01 g/mol) = 22.22 g/mol. - The mass percentage of hydrogen in sugar is (22.22 g/mol / 342.34 g/mol) * 100% ≈ 6.5%.

3. Oxygen (O): - The molar mass of oxygen in sugar is (11 * 16.00 g/mol) = 176.00 g/mol. - The mass percentage of oxygen in sugar is (176.00 g/mol / 342.34 g/mol) * 100% ≈ 51.4%.

Therefore, the mass percentage of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in sugar (C12H22O11) is approximately: - Carbon: 42.1% - Hydrogen: 6.5% - Oxygen: 51.4% [[1]].

Task A-1-3: Calculation of Mass Percentage of Elements in Nitric Acid (HNO3)

To calculate the mass percentage of elements in nitric acid (HNO3), we need to determine the molar mass of each element and the total molar mass of the compound.

The molar mass of hydrogen (H) is approximately 1.01 g/mol, nitrogen (N) is approximately 14.01 g/mol, and oxygen (O) is approximately 16.00 g/mol.

The molar mass of nitric acid (HNO3) can be calculated as follows:

(1 * 1.01 g/mol) + (1 * 14.01 g/mol) + (3 * 16.00 g/mol) = 63.01 g/mol

Now, let's calculate the mass percentage of each element:

1. Hydrogen (H): - The molar mass of hydrogen in nitric acid is (1 * 1.01 g/mol) = 1.01 g/mol. - The mass percentage of hydrogen in nitric acid is (1.01 g/mol / 63.01 g/mol) * 100% ≈ 1.6%.

2. Nitrogen (N): - The molar mass of nitrogen in nitric acid is (1 * 14.01 g/mol) = 14.01 g/mol. - The mass percentage of nitrogen in nitric acid is (14.01 g/mol / 63.01 g/mol) * 100% ≈ 22.2%.

3. Oxygen (O): - The molar mass of oxygen in nitric acid is (3 * 16.00 g/mol) = 48.00 g/mol. - The mass percentage of oxygen in nitric acid is (48.00 g/mol / 63.01 g/mol) * 100% ≈ 76.2%.

Therefore, the mass percentage of elements in nitric acid (HNO3) is approximately: - Hydrogen: 1.6% - Nitrogen: 22.2% - Oxygen: 76.2% [[2]].

Task A-1-4: Calculation of Mass Percentage of Hydrogen and Oxygen in Water (H2O)

To calculate the mass percentage of hydrogen and oxygen in water (H2O), we need to determine the molar mass of each element and the total molar mass of the compound.

The molar mass of hydrogen (H) is approximately 1.01 g/mol, and oxygen (O) is approximately 16.00 g/mol.

The molar mass of water (H2O) can be calculated as follows:

(2 * 1.01 g/mol) + (1 * 16.00 g/mol) = 18.02 g/mol

Now, let's calculate the mass percentage of each element:

1. Hydrogen (H): - The molar mass of hydrogen in water is (2 * 1.01 g/mol) = 2.02 g/mol. - The mass percentage of hydrogen in water is (2.02 g/mol / 18.02 g/mol) * 100% ≈ 11.2%.

2. Oxygen (O): - The molar mass of oxygen in water is (1 * 16.00 g/mol) = 16.00 g/mol. - The mass percentage of oxygen in water is (16.00 g/mol / 18.02 g/mol) * 100% ≈ 88.8%.

Therefore, the mass percentage of hydrogen and oxygen in water (H2O) is approximately: - Hydrogen: 11.2% - Oxygen: 88.8% [[3]].

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.