Question

№4 Через 40г раствора с массовой долей гидроксида натрия 10% пропустили углекислый газ до образования карбоната натрия. Вычислите объём (Н.у.) вступившего в реакцию года. 12:18​

Answer 1

Дано:

m(р-ра)= 40 г

W(NaOH) =10% или 0,1

Найти:

V(CO2)-?

Решение

2NaOH+CO2=Na2CO3+H2O

m(NaOH)= m(р-ра)*W= 40 * 0,1= 4 г

n(NaOH)= m/M = 4 г: 40 г/моль = 0,1 моль

M(NaOH)= 23+16+1 = 40 г/моль

n(NaOH)=n(CO2)=0,05 моль

V(CO2)=n*Vm= 0,05 моль*22,4 л/моль=1,12 л

Ответ: V(CO2)= 1,12 л

Answer 2

Calculation of the Volume of Carbon Dioxide Reacted

To calculate the volume of carbon dioxide (CO2) that reacted with the 40g solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with a mass fraction of 10%, we need to use the stoichiometry of the reaction between sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

2 NaOH + CO2 -> Na2CO3 + H2O

From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of sodium hydroxide react with 1 mole of carbon dioxide to produce 1 mole of sodium carbonate and 1 mole of water.

To calculate the volume of carbon dioxide, we need to convert the mass of sodium hydroxide to moles, and then use the mole ratio to determine the moles of carbon dioxide reacted. Finally, we can convert the moles of carbon dioxide to volume using the ideal gas law.

Here are the steps to calculate the volume of carbon dioxide:

1. Calculate the moles of sodium hydroxide (NaOH): - Mass of NaOH = 40g - Molar mass of NaOH = 22.99 g/mol (sodium) + 16.00 g/mol (oxygen) + 1.01 g/mol (hydrogen) - Moles of NaOH = Mass of NaOH / Molar mass of NaOH

2. Use the mole ratio to determine the moles of carbon dioxide (CO2): - From the balanced equation, we know that 2 moles of NaOH react with 1 mole of CO2. - Moles of CO2 = (Moles of NaOH) / 2

3. Convert moles of carbon dioxide to volume: - To convert moles to volume, we need to use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT - Assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP), where T = 273.15 K and P = 1 atm, we can rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for volume: V = (nRT) / P - Substitute the values into the equation to calculate the volume of carbon dioxide.

Please note that the molar mass of carbon dioxide is 44.01 g/mol.

Let's calculate the volume of carbon dioxide using the given information.

Calculation:

1. Calculate the moles of sodium hydroxide (NaOH): - Mass of NaOH = 40g - Molar mass of NaOH = 22.99 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol + 1.01 g/mol = 40.00 g/mol - Moles of NaOH = 40g / 40.00 g/mol = 1.00 mol

2. Use the mole ratio to determine the moles of carbon dioxide (CO2): - Moles of CO2 = (Moles of NaOH) / 2 = 1.00 mol / 2 = 0.50 mol

3. Convert moles of carbon dioxide to volume: - Molar mass of CO2 = 44.01 g/mol - Volume of CO2 = (Moles of CO2) * (R constant) * (Temperature) / (Pressure) - Assuming STP, where T = 273.15 K and P = 1 atm, and the R constant is 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K): - Volume of CO2 = (0.50 mol) * (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) * (273.15 K) / (1 atm) - Volume of CO2 = 11.19 L (rounded to two decimal places)

Therefore, the volume of carbon dioxide that reacted with the 40g solution of sodium hydroxide with a mass fraction of 10% is approximately 11.19 liters at standard temperature and pressure (STP).

Please note that the calculation assumes ideal conditions and may not account for any deviations from the ideal gas behavior or other factors that may affect the reaction.