Question

рассчитайте объем водорода, полученного при взаимодействии 150г 15% раствора серной кислоты с кальцием

Answer 1

Ответ:

Ca + H2SO4 = CaSO4 + H2

m(H2SO4)=150*0,15=22,5 г

n(H2SO4)=m/M=22,5/98=0,23 моль

по уранвению реакции n(H2)=n(H2SO4)=0,23 моль

V(H2)=n*Vm=22,4*0,23=5,15 л

Answer 2

Calculating the Volume of Hydrogen Gas Produced

To calculate the volume of hydrogen gas produced when 150g of a 15% solution of sulfuric acid reacts with calcium, we can use the chemical equation for the reaction and apply stoichiometry to determine the volume of hydrogen gas produced.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid and calcium is as follows: 2H2SO4 + Ca → CaSO4 + 2H2

Step 1: Calculate the Number of Moles of Sulfuric Acid

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of sulfuric acid present in the 15% solution. We can use the given mass and the molar mass of sulfuric acid to do this.

The molar mass of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is 98.08 g/mol.

The number of moles of sulfuric acid is calculated using the formula: Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass

Number of moles of H2SO4 = 150g / 98.08 g/mol

Number of moles of H2SO4 = 1.529 moles

Step 2: Determine the Limiting Reactant

Next, we need to determine the limiting reactant in the reaction. This will allow us to calculate the volume of hydrogen gas produced.

The molar ratio of H2SO4 to H2 in the balanced chemical equation is 2:2, which simplifies to 1:1. This means that 1 mole of H2SO4 produces 1 mole of H2.

Step 3: Calculate the Volume of Hydrogen Gas

Using the ideal gas law, we can calculate the volume of hydrogen gas produced. The ideal gas law is given by the formula: PV = nRT

Where: P = pressure V = volume n = number of moles R = ideal gas constant T = temperature

Given that the reaction occurs at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is 0°C (273.15 K) and 1 atm, we can use the molar volume of a gas at STP, which is 22.4 L/mol.

The number of moles of hydrogen gas produced is equal to the number of moles of sulfuric acid, which is 1.529 moles.

Using the molar volume of a gas at STP, we can calculate the volume of hydrogen gas produced: Volume of H2 = Number of moles of H2 * Molar volume at STP

Volume of H2 = 1.529 moles * 22.4 L/mol

Volume of hydrogen gas produced = 34.28 L

Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas produced when 150g of a 15% solution of sulfuric acid reacts with calcium is approximately 34.28 liters.