Question

При сжигании 8,6 г углеводорода получили 26,4 г оксида углерода (IV) и 12,6 г воды. Найдите молекулярную формулу этого углеводорода, если его плотностьпо отношению к воздуху равна 2,966. Напишите структурные формулы всех изомеров углеводорода и назовите их. НАПИШИТЕ ДАНО ЧТО НАЙТИ И РЕШЕНИЕ 

Answer 1

Finding the Molecular Formula of the Hydrocarbon

To find the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon, we need to determine the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the compound. We can do this by comparing the masses of carbon and hydrogen in the given reaction.

Given: - Mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced = 26.4 g - Mass of water (H2O) produced = 12.6 g - Mass of hydrocarbon burned = 8.6 g

To find the number of moles of carbon and hydrogen in the hydrocarbon, we can use the molar masses of CO2 and H2O.

The molar mass of CO2 is 44 g/mol, and the molar mass of H2O is 18 g/mol.

Number of moles of carbon in CO2 = Mass of CO2 / Molar mass of CO2 = 26.4 g / 44 g/mol = 0.6 mol Number of moles of hydrogen in H2O = Mass of H2O / Molar mass of H2O = 12.6 g / 18 g/mol = 0.7 mol

Since the hydrocarbon is composed of only carbon and hydrogen, we can assume that the number of moles of carbon and hydrogen in the hydrocarbon is the same as in the products.

Number of moles of carbon in the hydrocarbon = 0.6 mol Number of moles of hydrogen in the hydrocarbon = 0.7 mol

Now, we need to find the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon. The empirical formula gives the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound.

To find the empirical formula, we divide the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles.

Dividing the number of moles of carbon and hydrogen by 0.6 (the smallest number of moles), we get:

Number of moles of carbon in the empirical formula = 0.6 mol / 0.6 = 1 mol Number of moles of hydrogen in the empirical formula = 0.7 mol / 0.6 ≈ 1.17 mol

Since we cannot have a fraction of an atom in a molecular formula, we round the number of moles of hydrogen to the nearest whole number.

Number of moles of hydrogen in the empirical formula = 1 mol

Therefore, the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is CH.

To find the molecular formula, we need to know the molar mass of the hydrocarbon. The molar mass can be calculated by adding the molar masses of carbon and hydrogen.

The molar mass of carbon is 12 g/mol, and the molar mass of hydrogen is 1 g/mol.

Molar mass of the hydrocarbon = (Molar mass of carbon) + (Molar mass of hydrogen) = 12 g/mol + 1 g/mol = 13 g/mol

To find the molecular formula, we divide the molar mass of the hydrocarbon by the molar mass of the empirical formula.

Molecular formula = (Molar mass of the hydrocarbon) / (Molar mass of the empirical formula) = 13 g/mol / 13 g/mol = 1

Therefore, the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon is CH.

Isomers of the Hydrocarbon

Since the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon is CH, there is only one possible isomer for this hydrocarbon. The structural formula of the isomer would be a single carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms:

Structural Formula: ``` H | C | H | H ```

This isomer is called methane (CH4).

Therefore, the hydrocarbon in question is methane (CH4).

Note: The given search results did not provide specific information about the isomers of the hydrocarbon. However, based on the given molecular formula and the knowledge of hydrocarbon isomerism, we can determine that methane (CH4) is the only possible isomer for this hydrocarbon.