Question

Используя метод электронного баланса, расставьте коэффициенты уравнения химических реакций, найдите окислитель, восстановитель, процессы окисления, восстановления. CuCl2+Mg->MgCl2+Cu

Answer 1

Cu⁺²Cl₂+Mg⁰ = Mg⁺²Cl₂+Cu⁰
Cu⁺² +2e = Cu⁰      1  медь - окислитель, процесс восстановления
Mg⁰ - 2e = Mg⁺²     1  магний - восстановитель, процесс окисления

Answer 2

Balancing the Chemical Equation

To balance the chemical equation CuCl2 + Mg -> MgCl2 + Cu, we can use the method of electron balance. This involves ensuring that the number of electrons gained and lost in the reaction is equal. Here's how we can balance the equation:

1. Start by writing down the unbalanced equation: CuCl2 + Mg -> MgCl2 + Cu

2. Identify the elements that are undergoing oxidation and reduction: In this reaction, copper (Cu) is being reduced from a +2 oxidation state in CuCl2 to a 0 oxidation state in Cu, while magnesium (Mg) is being oxidized from a 0 oxidation state to a +2 oxidation state in MgCl2.

3. Balance the atoms other than hydrogen and oxygen: Since all the atoms except hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) are already balanced, we can move on to balancing the charges.

4. Balance the charges by adding electrons: Since copper is being reduced, it gains electrons. To balance the charges, we need to add 2 electrons to the copper (Cu) on the product side: CuCl2 + Mg -> MgCl2 + Cu + 2e-

5. Balance the charges on the other side of the equation: Since magnesium is being oxidized, it loses electrons. To balance the charges, we need to add 2 electrons to the magnesium (Mg) on the reactant side: CuCl2 + Mg + 2e- -> MgCl2 + Cu

6. Check if the equation is balanced: Now, let's count the atoms and charges on both sides of the equation to ensure it is balanced: On the reactant side: 1 Cu, 2 Cl, 1 Mg, 2 electrons On the product side: 1 Cu, 2 Cl, 1 Mg, 2 electrons

The equation is balanced, with an equal number of atoms and charges on both sides.

Identifying the Oxidizing and Reducing Agents

In the balanced equation CuCl2 + Mg -> MgCl2 + Cu, the oxidizing agent is the species that gets reduced, while the reducing agent is the species that gets oxidized.

- The oxidizing agent is CuCl2 because it gains electrons and gets reduced from a +2 oxidation state to a 0 oxidation state in Cu. - The reducing agent is Mg because it loses electrons and gets oxidized from a 0 oxidation state to a +2 oxidation state in MgCl2.

Processes of Oxidation and Reduction

- The process of oxidation occurs to magnesium (Mg) as it loses electrons and increases its oxidation state from 0 to +2 in MgCl2. - The process of reduction occurs to copper (Cu) as it gains electrons and decreases its oxidation state from +2 in CuCl2 to 0 in Cu.

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