Question

Вычислить объем водорода (н,у), который выделится при взаимодействии магния 4,8г с соляной кислотой. Какое кол-во вещества хлорида магния при этом образуется?

Answer 1

Mg+2HCl=MgCl2+H2
n(Mg)=4,8г / 24 г/моль= 0,2 моль
n(H2)=n(Mg)=0,2 моль
V(H2)=0,2 моль * 22,4 л/моль = 4,48 л
n(MgCl2)= 2 * n(Mg) = 0,4 моль

Answer 2

Calculation of Hydrogen Gas Volume:

To calculate the volume of hydrogen gas (H2) that will be released when 4.8g of magnesium (Mg) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl), we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of magnesium reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas. We need to convert the mass of magnesium to moles and then use the mole ratio to find the moles of hydrogen gas produced.

The molar mass of magnesium is 24.31 g/mol, so the number of moles of magnesium can be calculated as follows:

moles of Mg = mass of Mg / molar mass of Mg

moles of Mg = 4.8g / 24.31 g/mol

Now, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the moles of hydrogen gas produced:

moles of H2 = moles of Mg * (1 mole of H2 / 1 mole of Mg)

Finally, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of hydrogen gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is 0 degrees Celsius and 1 atmosphere of pressure. The molar volume of a gas at STP is 22.4 liters/mol.

volume of H2 = moles of H2 * molar volume at STP

Let's calculate the volume of hydrogen gas using the given information.

Calculation:

1. Calculate the moles of magnesium: - Molar mass of magnesium (Mg) = 24.31 g/mol - Moles of Mg = 4.8g / 24.31 g/mol = 0.1976 mol

2. Calculate the moles of hydrogen gas: - Moles of H2 = 0.1976 mol * (1 mole of H2 / 1 mole of Mg) = 0.1976 mol

3. Calculate the volume of hydrogen gas at STP: - Volume of H2 = 0.1976 mol * 22.4 L/mol = 4.42 L

Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas that will be released during the reaction is approximately 4.42 liters.

Calculation of Magnesium Chloride:

To determine the amount of magnesium chloride (MgCl2) formed during the reaction, we need to use the mole ratio from the balanced chemical equation:

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of magnesium reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of magnesium chloride. Therefore, the moles of magnesium chloride formed will be equal to the moles of magnesium used.

Using the moles of magnesium calculated earlier (0.1976 mol), we can conclude that the amount of magnesium chloride formed is also 0.1976 moles.

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