Question

вычислите объем ацетилена(н.у) полученного при взаимодействии 160 г технического карбида кальция (массовая доля CaC2 80%) с избыточным количеством воды

Answer 1

CaC2+2H2O=C2H2+Ca(OH)2

 

160г  -  100%

  x г   -  80% 

    x=128г (CaC2) 

 

128*22.4/64=44.8л

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Answer 2

Calculation of Acetylene Volume

To calculate the volume of acetylene (at standard temperature and pressure) produced from the reaction between 160 grams of technical calcium carbide (with a mass fraction of CaC2 of 80%) and an excess amount of water, we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium carbide (CaC2) and water (H2O) to produce acetylene (C2H2) is as follows:

CaC2 + 2H2O -> C2H2 + Ca(OH)2

From the balanced equation, we can see that one mole of calcium carbide reacts with two moles of water to produce one mole of acetylene.

To calculate the volume of acetylene, we need to convert the mass of calcium carbide to moles, and then use the mole ratio to determine the number of moles of acetylene produced. Finally, we can use the ideal gas law to convert the number of moles of acetylene to volume.

Here are the steps to calculate the volume of acetylene:

1. Convert the mass of calcium carbide to moles: - The molar mass of calcium carbide (CaC2) is 64.1 g/mol. - The mass of calcium carbide is given as 160 grams. - Therefore, the number of moles of calcium carbide is calculated as follows: Moles of CaC2 = Mass of CaC2 / Molar mass of CaC2

2. Determine the number of moles of acetylene produced: - From the balanced equation, we know that one mole of calcium carbide produces one mole of acetylene. - Therefore, the number of moles of acetylene produced is equal to the number of moles of calcium carbide.

3. Convert the number of moles of acetylene to volume: - The ideal gas law equation is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature. - At standard temperature and pressure (STP), the pressure is 1 atmosphere (atm) and the temperature is 273.15 Kelvin (K). - The ideal gas constant (R) is 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K). - Therefore, we can rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for volume: V = (nRT) / P

4. Substitute the values into the equation and calculate the volume of acetylene.

Please note that the molar mass of acetylene (C2H2) is 26.04 g/mol.

Let's perform the calculations now.