Question

Из какого вещества в результате последовательно протекающих реакций замещения, Вюрца и окисления можно получить уксусную кислоту? напишите уравнение реакции и укажите условия их протекания. помогите пожалуйста, очень срочно!!!!

Answer 1

1) CH4 + Cl2 = CH3Cl + HCl (освещение, t°)

2) 2CH3Cl + 2Na = C2H6 + 2NaCl

3) 2C2H6 + 3O2 = 2CH3COOH + 2H2O (t°, кат)

Ответ: CH4 - метан.

Answer 2

Obtaining Acetic Acid through Substitution, Wurtz, and Oxidation Reactions

To obtain acetic acid through a series of substitution, Wurtz, and oxidation reactions, the starting material is typically methanol. The process involves several steps, including the conversion of methanol to methyl iodide through a substitution reaction, followed by the Wurtz reaction to form ethane, and finally, the oxidation of ethane to produce acetic acid.

Substitution Reaction:

The first step involves the conversion of methanol to methyl iodide through a substitution reaction. The reaction can be represented by the following equation: ``` CH3OH + HI → CH3I + H2O ``` This reaction typically takes place in the presence of hydroiodic acid (HI) and at elevated temperatures.

Wurtz Reaction:

The next step is the Wurtz reaction, which involves the coupling of two alkyl halides to form a longer carbon chain. In this case, the reaction is used to form ethane from two molecules of methyl iodide. The reaction can be represented as follows: ``` 2CH3I + 2Na → C2H6 + 2NaI ``` This reaction is typically carried out in the presence of sodium (Na) and an inert solvent, such as diethyl ether.

Oxidation Reaction:

The final step is the oxidation of ethane to produce acetic acid. This can be achieved through various methods, with one common approach being the oxidation of ethane using oxygen (O2) in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium (Pd). The reaction can be represented as: ``` C2H6 + O2 → CH3COOH + H2O ``` The oxidation of ethane to acetic acid usually takes place at elevated temperatures and in the presence of a suitable catalyst.

It's important to note that these reactions are part of a multi-step process and are typically carried out under controlled conditions in a laboratory or industrial setting to ensure the desired outcome of producing acetic acid from methanol.

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