Question

Написать молекулярные и ионно-молекулярные уравнения реакций: а) Na₂S+HCl; б) BaCl₂+H₂SO₄; в) HCl+NH₄OH; г)H₂SO₃+NaOH. Указать, какие из этих реакций протекают необратимо и почему.

Answer 1

Na2S + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2S

2Na(+) + S(-2) + 2H(+) + 2Cl(-) = 2Na(+) + 2Cl(-) + H2S

2H(+) + S(-2) = H2S   (необратимая , образуется газ)

BaСl2 + H2SO4 = BaSO4 + 2HCl

Ba(+2) + 2Cl(-) + 2H(+) + SO4(-2) = BaSO4 + 2H(+) + 2Cl(-)

Ba(+2) + SO4(-2) = BaSO4 (необратимая, образуется осадок)

HCl + NH4OH = NH4Cl + H2O

H(+) + Cl(-) + NH4(+) + OH(-) = NH4(+) + Cl(-) + H2O

H(+) + OH(-) = H2O (необратимая, образуется вода)

2NaOH + H2SO3 = Na2SO3 + 2H2O

2Na(+) + 2OH(-) + 2H(+) + SO3(-2) = 2Na(+) + SO3(-2) + 2H2O

2OH(-) + 2H(+) = 2H2O ( необратимая, образуется вода)

Answer 2

Molecular and Ionic-Molecular Equations for the Given Reactions:

a) Na₂S + HCl: - Molecular Equation: Na₂S + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂S - Ionic Equation: 2Na⁺ + S²⁻ + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ → 2Na⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + H₂S - Net Ionic Equation: S²⁻ + 2H⁺ → H₂S

b) BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄: - Molecular Equation: BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + 2HCl - Ionic Equation: Ba²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + 2H⁺ + SO₄²⁻ → BaSO₄ + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ - Net Ionic Equation: Ba²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ → BaSO₄

c) HCl + NH₄OH: - Molecular Equation: HCl + NH₄OH → NH₄Cl + H₂O - Ionic Equation: H⁺ + Cl⁻ + NH₄⁺ + OH⁻ → NH₄⁺ + Cl⁻ + H₂O - Net Ionic Equation: H⁺ + OH⁻ → H₂O

d) H₂SO₃ + NaOH: - Molecular Equation: H₂SO₃ + 2NaOH → Na₂SO₃ + 2H₂O - Ionic Equation: 2H⁺ + SO₃²⁻ + 2Na⁺ + 2OH⁻ → 2Na⁺ + SO₃²⁻ + 2H₂O - Net Ionic Equation: 2H⁺ + 2OH⁻ → 2H₂O

Irreversible Reactions:

The following reactions are irreversible:

- Reaction a) Na₂S + HCl: This reaction is irreversible because H₂S is a weak acid and will not dissociate back into its ions once formed [[1]]. - Reaction b) BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄: This reaction is irreversible because BaSO₄ is an insoluble salt and will precipitate out of the solution, removing it from the equilibrium [[2]]. - Reaction c) HCl + NH₄OH: This reaction is irreversible because NH₄Cl is a soluble salt and will remain in solution, not dissociating back into its ions [[3]]. - Reaction d) H₂SO₃ + NaOH: This reaction is irreversible because Na₂SO₃ is a soluble salt and will remain in solution, not dissociating back into its ions [[4]].

The irreversibility of these reactions is determined by the solubility of the resulting compounds and the strength of the acids involved.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.