Question

Какие химические процессы происходят у катода и у анода при электролизе раствора хлорида натрия?

Answer 1

Электролиз содержит 3 процесса.
1)Катионы Na(+) к катоду и анионы Cl(-) к аноду
2)Процесс окисления в аноде Cl(-)-2e-->Cl2
3)Процесс восстановления в катоде Na(+)+e-->Na.
Общий вид процесса электролиза 
2NaCl+2H2O--->H2+Cl2+2NaOH

Answer 2

Electrolysis of Sodium Chloride Solution

At the cathode during the electrolysis of a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, hydrogen gas (H2) is produced. This occurs due to the reduction of water and the presence of sodium ions in the solution. The overall reaction at the cathode is:

2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 2OH-.

At the anode, chlorine gas (Cl2) is produced. This is due to the oxidation of chloride ions in the solution. The overall reaction at the anode is:

2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e-.

These reactions occur due to the process of electrolysis, where an electric current is passed through the solution, causing the ions to move towards the electrodes and undergo reduction or oxidation reactions.

In summary, at the cathode, water is reduced to produce hydrogen gas, and at the anode, chloride ions are oxidized to produce chlorine gas during the electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution.